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Lately, pre-trained language models advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP). The introduction of Bidirectional Encoders for Transformers (BERT) and its optimized version RoBERTa have had significant impact and increased the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Raphael Scheible , Fabian Thomczyk , Patric Tippmann , Victor Jaravine , Martin Boeker

In this paper, we present a new comparative study on automatic essay scoring (AES). The current state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) neural network architectures are used in this work to achieve above human-level accuracy on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Pedro Uria Rodriguez , Amir Jafari , Christopher M. Ormerod

For readability assessment, traditional methods mainly employ machine learning classifiers with hundreds of linguistic features. Although the deep learning model has become the prominent approach for almost all NLP tasks, it is less…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Wenbiao Li , Ziyang Wang , Yunfang Wu

We propose a novel strategy for Neural Architecture Search (NAS) based on Bregman iterations. Starting from a sparse neural network our gradient-based one-shot algorithm gradually adds relevant parameters in an inverse scale space manner.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Leon Bungert , Tim Roith , Daniel Tenbrinck , Martin Burger

BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) and related pre-trained Transformers have provided large gains across many language understanding tasks, achieving a new state-of-the-art (SOTA). BERT is pre-trained on two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Michael Glass , Alfio Gliozzo , Rishav Chakravarti , Anthony Ferritto , Lin Pan , G P Shrivatsa Bhargav , Dinesh Garg , Avirup Sil

The current era of natural language processing (NLP) has been defined by the prominence of pre-trained language models since the advent of BERT. A feature of BERT and models with similar architecture is the objective of masked language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ed S. Ma

Recent studies have identified that language models, pretrained on text-only datasets, often lack elementary visual knowledge, \textit{e.g.,} colors of everyday objects. Motivated by this observation, we ask whether a similar shortcoming…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Hyunjong Ok , Suho Yoo , Jaeho Lee

Recently, neural models pretrained on a language modeling task, such as ELMo (Peters et al., 2017), OpenAI GPT (Radford et al., 2018), and BERT (Devlin et al., 2018), have achieved impressive results on various natural language processing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Rodrigo Nogueira , Kyunghyun Cho

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), like BERT, with self-supervision objectives exhibit remarkable performance and generalization across various tasks. However, they suffer in inference latency due to their large size. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

A popular approach to creating a zero-shot cross-language retrieval model is to substitute a monolingual pretrained language model in the retrieval model with a multilingual pretrained language model such as Multilingual BERT. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Eugene Yang , Suraj Nair , Dawn Lawrie , James Mayfield , Douglas W. Oard

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) is a promising and rapidly evolving research area. Training a large number of neural networks requires an exceptional amount of computational power, which makes NAS unreachable for those researchers who have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Nikita Klyuchnikov , Ilya Trofimov , Ekaterina Artemova , Mikhail Salnikov , Maxim Fedorov , Evgeny Burnaev

Masked language modeling (MLM), a self-supervised pretraining objective, is widely used in natural language processing for learning text representations. MLM trains a model to predict a random sample of input tokens that have been replaced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Atsuki Yamaguchi , George Chrysostomou , Katerina Margatina , Nikolaos Aletras

Transformer based pre-trained models such as BERT and its variants, which are trained on large corpora, have demonstrated tremendous success for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Most of academic works are based on the English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Muhammed Cihat Ünal , Betül Aygün , Aydın Gerek

The widespread practice of fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on domain-specific data faces two major challenges in memory and privacy. First, as the size of LLMs continues to grow, the memory demands of gradient-based training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Liang Zhang , Bingcong Li , Kiran Koshy Thekumparampil , Sewoong Oh , Niao He

Recent work has shown the surprising ability of multi-lingual BERT to serve as a zero-shot cross-lingual transfer model for a number of language processing tasks. We combine this finding with a similarly-recently proposal on sentence-level…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Peng Shi , Jimmy Lin

Pre-training large-scale neural language models on raw texts has made a significant contribution to improving transfer learning in natural language processing (NLP). With the introduction of transformer-based language models, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Shoya Wada , Toshihiro Takeda , Shiro Manabe , Shozo Konishi , Jun Kamohara , Yasushi Matsumura

Pretraining large neural language models, such as BERT, has led to impressive gains on many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, most pretraining efforts focus on general domain corpora, such as newswire and Web. A prevailing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Yu Gu , Robert Tinn , Hao Cheng , Michael Lucas , Naoto Usuyama , Xiaodong Liu , Tristan Naumann , Jianfeng Gao , Hoifung Poon

Academic knowledge services have substantially facilitated the development of the science enterprise by providing a plenitude of efficient research tools. However, many applications highly depend on ad-hoc models and expensive human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Xiao Liu , Da Yin , Jingnan Zheng , Xingjian Zhang , Peng Zhang , Hongxia Yang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

While Neural Processing Units (NPUs) offer high theoretical efficiency for edge AI, state-of-the-art Vision--Language Models (VLMs) tailored for GPUs often falter on these substrates. We attribute this hardware-model mismatch to two primary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Wei Chen , Liangmin Wu , Yunhai Hu , Zhiyuan Li , Zhiyuan Cheng , Yicheng Qian , Lingyue Zhu , Zhipeng Hu , Luoyi Liang , Qiang Tang , Zhen Liu , Han Yang

Natural language understanding (NLU) has two core tasks: intent classification and slot filling. The success of pre-training language models resulted in a significant breakthrough in the two tasks. One of the promising solutions called BERT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Yu Guo , Zhilong Xie , Xingyan Chen , Huangen Chen , Leilei Wang , Huaming Du , Shaopeng Wei , Yu Zhao , Qing Li , Gang Wu