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Context: Helioseismology aims to infer the properties of the solar interior by analyzing observations of acoustic oscillations. The interpretation of the helioseismic data is however complicated by the non-trivial relationship between…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-29 D. Fournier , N. M. Kostogryz , L. Gizon , J. Schou , V. Witzke , A. I. Shapiro , I. Milic

Full-disk observations from missions such as the SDO and SOHO have enabled comprehensive studies of solar oscillations and dynamics. Interpreting helioseismic and photospheric data is complicated by systematic center-to-limb variations. To…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-06 Irina N. Kitiashvili

Helioseismic holography is an imaging technique used to study heterogeneities and flows in the solar interior from observations of solar oscillations at the surface. Holograms contain noise due to the stochastic nature of solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 Laurent Gizon , Damien Fournier , Dan Yang , Aaron C. Birch , Hélène Barucq

Local helioseismology has so far relied on semi-analytical methods to compute the spatial sensitivity of wave travel times to perturbations in the solar interior. These methods are cumbersome and lack flexibility. Here we propose a…

Solar oscillations consist of a rich spectrum of internal acoustic waves and surface gravity waves, stochastically excited by turbulent convection. They have been monitored almost continuously over the last ten years with high-precision…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-26 L. Gizon

In helioseismology, there is a well-known offset between observed and computed oscillation frequencies. This offset is known to arise from improper modeling of the near-surface layers of the Sun, and a similar effect must occur for models…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hans Kjeldsen , Timothy R. Bedding , Joergen Christensen-Dalsgaard

In the same way that seismologists study the interior of the earth from the waves generated by earthquakes, heliosismology is the science that is interested in the study of oscillatory waves inside the Sun. Temperature, chemical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-22 Massinissa Hadjara

Wave propagation through sunspots involves conversion between waves of acoustic and magnetic character. In addition, the thermal structure of sunspots is very different than that of the quiet Sun. As a consequence, the interpretation of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 T. Felipe , D. C. Braun , A. D. Crouch , A. C. Birch

Many helioseismic measurements suffer from substantial systematic errors. A particularly frustrating one is that time-distance measurements suffer from a large center to limb effect which looks very similar to the finite light travel time,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Charles S. Baldner , Jesper Schou

Helioseismology provides a powerful tool to explore the deep interior of the Sun: for example, the adiabatic sound speed can be inferred with an accuracy of a few parts in 10,000. This has become a serious challenge to theoretical models of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Arnold I. Boothroyd , I. -Juliana Sackmann

During the last 50 years we have been witness of an extraordinary revolution in the knowledge and understanding of our star thanks to the development of Helioseismology, the study of solar oscillations. Similar to what happens on the Earth…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-08 M. P. Di Mauro

As the amount of asteroseismic data available continues to grow, the inability to accurately model observed oscillation frequencies is becoming a critical problem for interpreting these frequencies. A major component of this problem is the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 J. Schou , A. C. Birch

Previous studies analyzing the evanescent nature of acoustic waves in the lower solar atmosphere, up to 300\,km above the photosphere, have shown an unexpected phase shift of an order of 1\,s between different heights. Those studies…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-14 M. Waidele , Junwei Zhao , I. N. Kitiashvili

Helioseismology, the study of global solar oscillations, has proved to be an extremely powerful tool for the investigation of the internal structure and dynamics of the Sun. Studies of time changes in frequency observations of solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-15 M. P. Di Mauro

By analyzing numerically simulated solar oscillation data, we study the influence of non-uniform distribution of acoustic wave amplitude, acoustic source strength, and perturbations of the sound speed on the shifts of acoustic travel times…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Konstantin V. Parchevsky , Junwei Zhao , Alexander G. Kosovichev

In this article, we derive and compute the sensitivity of measurements of coupling between normal modes of oscillation in the Sun to underlying flows. The theory is based on first-Born perturbation theory, and the analysis is carried out…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-19 Shravan M. Hanasoge , Martin Woodard , H. M. Antia , Laurent Gizon , Katepalli R. Sreenivasan

Context. In local helioseismology, the travel times of acoustic waves propagating in opposite directions along the same meridian inform us about horizontal flows in the north-south direction. The longitudinal averages of the north-south…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Paul-Louis Poulier , Zhi-Chao Liang , Damien Fournier , Laurent Gizon

Results of forward modelling of acoustic wave propagation in a realistic solar sub-photosphere with two cases of steady horizontal flows are presented and analysed by the means of local helioseismology. The simulations are based on fully…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Shelyag , R. Erdelyi , M. J. Thompson

Inhomogeneities in wave propagation conditions near and below the solar surface have been detected by means of time-distance helioseismology. Here we calculate the effect of temperature inhomogeneities on the travel times of sound waves. A…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 M. Brüggen , H. C. Spruit

It is well known that the observed amplitude of solar oscillations is lower in sunspots than in quiet regions of the Sun. We show that this local reduction in oscillation amplitudes combined with the phase-speed filtering procedure in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. P. Rajaguru , A. C. Birch , T. L. Duvall , M. J. Thompson , J. Zhao
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