Related papers: Gaps in N-expansions

A well known theorem of Lagrange states that the simple continued fraction of a real number $\alpha$ is periodic if and only if $\alpha$ is a quadratic irrational. We examine non-periodic and non-simple continued fractions formed by two…

Let $FP(X)$ be the free paratopological group over a topological space $X$. For each non-negative integer $n\in\mathbb{N}$, denote by $FP_{n}(X)$ the subset of $FP(X)$ consisting of all words of reduced length at most $n$, and $i_{n}$ by…

We consider a family of Pomeau-Manneville type interval maps $T_\alpha$, parametrized by $\alpha \in (0,1)$, with the unique absolutely continuous invariant probability measures $\nu_\alpha$, and rate of correlations decay $n^{1-1/\alpha}$.…

In this paper we study representations of real numbers in a numeral system with the base $a>1$ and alphabet (digits set) $A\equiv\{0,1,...,r\}$, $a-1<r\in N$ given by \[x=\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\alpha_n}{a^n}\equiv…

In this paper we define a new type of continued fraction expansion for a real number $x \in I_m:=[0,m-1], m\in N_+, m\geq 2$: \[x = \frac{m^{-b_1(x)}}{\displaystyle 1+\frac{m^{-b_2(x)}}{1+\ddots}}:=[b_1(x), b_2(x), ...]_m. \] Then, we…

We show that in a sample of size $n$ from a GEM$(0,\theta)$ random discrete distribution, the gaps $G_{i:n}:= X_{n-i+1:n} - X_{n-i:n}$ between order statistics $X_{1:n} \le \cdots \le X_{n:n}$ of the sample, with the convention $G_{n:n} :=…

Define a natural number $n$ as a \textit{square-full} integer if for every prime $p$ such that $p|n$, we have $p^2|n$. In this paper, we establish an upper bound on the variance of square-full integers in short intervals of an expected…

We consider a family of quantum graphs $\{(\Gamma,\mathcal{A}_\varepsilon)\}_{\varepsilon>0}$, where $\Gamma$ is a $\mathbb{Z}^n$-periodic metric graph and the periodic Hamiltonian $\mathcal{A}_\varepsilon$ is defined by the operation…

Some PARI programs have bringed out a property for the non-genus part of the class number of the imaginary quadratic fields, with respect to $(\sqrt D\,)^{\varepsilon}$, where $D$ is the absolute value of the discriminant and $\varepsilon…

A symmetric subset of the reals is one that remains invariant under some reflection x --> c-x. Given 0 < x < 1, there exists a real number D(x) with the following property: if 0 < d < D(x), then every subset of [0,1] with measure x contains…

We call an $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$ regainingly approximable if there exists a computable nondecreasing sequence $(a_n)_n$ of rational numbers converging to $\alpha$ with $\alpha - a_n < 2^{-n}$ for infinitely many $n \in \mathbb{N}$. We…

For a finite point set $P \subset \mathbb{R}^d$, denote by $\text{diam}(P)$ the ratio of the largest to the smallest distances between pairs of points in $P$. Let $c_{d, \alpha}(n)$ be the largest integer $c$ such that any $n$-point set $P…

An $(n,d,\lambda)$-graph is a $d$ regular graph on $n$ vertices in which the absolute value of any nontrivial eigenvalue is at most $\lambda$. For any constant $d \geq 3$, $\epsilon>0$ and all sufficiently large $n$ we show that there is a…

Given $\beta>1$ and $\alpha\in[0,1)$, let $T_{\beta, \alpha}(x)=\beta x+\alpha\pmod 1$. Then under the map $T_{\beta,\alpha}$ each $x\in[0,1]$ has an \emph{intermediate $\beta$-expansion} of the form…

Consider a plane graph G, drawn with straight lines. For every pair a,b of vertices of G, we compare the shortest-path distance between a and b in G (with Euclidean edge lengths) to their actual distance in the plane. The worst-case ratio…

We introduce topological invariants for gapless systems and study the associated boundary phenomena. More generally, the symmetry properties of the low-energy conformal field theory (CFT) provide discrete invariants, establishing the notion…

We prove that if \Gamma is subgroup of Diff_{+}^{1+\epsilon}(I) and N is a natural number such that every non-identity element of \Gamma has at most N fixed points then \Gamma is solvable. If in addition \Gamma is a subgroup of…

In this paper, we show a new upper bound of prime gaps, that is the gap between a prime number and its consecutive prime number. We show that the gap between a prime number $p_n$ and its consecutive prime number is not larger than…

We establish arithmetical properties and provide essential bounds for bi-sequences of approximation coefficients associated with the natural extension of maps, leading to continued fraction-like expansions. These maps are realized as the…

We establish sharp bounds for the Hausdorff dimension of sets of irrational numbers in $(0,1)$ whose digits in the $N$-expansion are either uniformly bounded or tend to infinity. For sets with digits bounded by an integer $M \ge N$, we…