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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tasks such as image captioning, visual question answering, and cross-modal reasoning by integrating visual and textual modalities. However, their multimodal nature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Fengling Zhu , Boshi Liu , Jingyu Hua , Sheng Zhong

Adversarial training, in which a network is trained on both adversarial and clean examples, is one of the most trusted defense methods against adversarial attacks. However, there are three major practical difficulties in implementing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Shixian Wen , Laurent Itti

The strategy of combining diffusion-based generative models with classifiers continues to demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on adversarial robustness benchmarks. Known as adversarial purification, this exploits a diffusion model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 David D. Nguyen , The-Anh Ta , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba

Low-dose CT images are essential for reducing radiation exposure in cancer screening, pediatric imaging, and longitudinal monitoring protocols, but their quality is often degraded by noise from low-dose acquisition, patient motion, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Jitindra Fartiyal , Pedro Freire , Sergei K. Turitsyn , Sergei G. Solovski

Discriminative learning-based image denoisers have achieved promising performance on synthetic noises such as Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN). The synthetic noises adopted in most previous work are pixel-independent, but real noises…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Yuqian Zhou , Jianbo Jiao , Haibin Huang , Yang Wang , Jue Wang , Honghui Shi , Thomas Huang

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) achieve strong image classification performance but lack interpretability and are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Neuro-fuzzy hybrids such as DCNFIS replace fully connected CNN classifiers with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Kaaustaaub Shankar , Bharadwaj Dogga , Kelly Cohen

Medical imaging plays a significant role in detecting and treating various diseases. However, these images often happen to be of too poor quality, leading to decreased efficiency, extra expenses, and even incorrect diagnoses. Therefore, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-06 Alnur Alimanov , Md Baharul Islam

Image compression is an essential approach for decreasing the size in bytes of the image without deteriorating the quality of it. Typically, classic algorithms are used but recently deep-learning has been successfully applied. In this work,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-17 Nicoló Savioli

An adversarial example is a modified input image designed to cause a Machine Learning (ML) model to make a mistake; these perturbations are often invisible or subtle to human observers and highlight vulnerabilities in a model's ability to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Ehsan Ganjidoost , Jeff Orchard

Despite the enormous performance of deepneural networks (DNNs), recent studies have shown theirvulnerability to adversarial examples (AEs), i.e., care-fully perturbed inputs designed to fool the targetedDNN. Currently, the literature is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Anouar Kherchouche , Sid Ahmed Fezza , Wassim Hamidouche

The vulnerability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to image perturbations such as common corruptions and adversarial perturbations has recently been investigated from the perspective of frequency. In this study, we investigate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Chun Yang Tan , Kazuhiko Kawamoto , Hiroshi Kera

Despite substantial advances in network architecture performance, the susceptibility of adversarial attacks makes deep learning challenging to implement in safety-critical applications. This paper proposes a data-centric approach to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Sandhya Aneja , Nagender Aneja , Pg Emeroylariffion Abas , Abdul Ghani Naim

Adversarial robustness is one of the most challenging problems in Deep Learning and Computer Vision research. All the state-of-the-art techniques require a time-consuming procedure that creates cleverly perturbed images. Due to its cost,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Matteo Terzi , Mattia Carletti , Gian Antonio Susto

We propose a novel direction to improve the denoising quality of filtering-based denoising algorithms in real time by predicting the best filter parameter value using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). We take the use case of BM3D, the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Subhayan Mukherjee , Navaneeth Kamballur Kottayil , Xinyao Sun , Irene Cheng

Adversarial attacks are often considered as threats to the robustness of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Various defending techniques have been developed to mitigate the potential negative impact of adversarial attacks against task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Jianzhang Zheng , Fan Yang , Hao Shen , Xuan Tang , Mingsong Chen , Liang Song , Xian Wei

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are under threat from adversarial example attacks. The adversary can easily change the outputs of DNNs by adding small well-designed perturbations to inputs. Adversarial example detection is a fundamental work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Hui Liu , Bo Zhao , Minzhi Ji , Yuefeng Peng , Jiabao Guo , Peng Liu

A flexible discriminative image denoiser is introduced in which multi-task learning methods are applied to a densoising FCN based on U-Net. The activations of the U-Net model are modified by affine transforms that are a learned function of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-26 Anthony Kelly

Constructing adversarial perturbations for deep neural networks is an important direction of research. Crafting image-dependent adversarial perturbations using white-box feedback has hitherto been the norm for such adversarial attacks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Arka Ghosh , Sankha Subhra Mullick , Shounak Datta , Swagatam Das , Rammohan Mallipeddi , Asit Kr. Das

As adversarial attacks against machine learning models have raised increasing concerns, many denoising-based defense approaches have been proposed. In this paper, we summarize and analyze the defense strategies in the form of symmetric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Zhonghan Niu , Zhaoxi Chen , Linyi Li , Yubin Yang , Bo Li , Jinfeng Yi

We attempt to interpret how adversarially trained convolutional neural networks (AT-CNNs) recognize objects. We design systematic approaches to interpret AT-CNNs in both qualitative and quantitative ways and compare them with normally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Tianyuan Zhang , Zhanxing Zhu