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Related papers: Quantum conditional probabilities

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It is argued from several points of view that quantum probabilities might play a role in statistical settings. New approaches toward quantum foundations have postulates that appear to be equally valid in macroscopic settings. One such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Inge S. Helland

Within the Kolmogorov theory of probability, Bayes' rule allows one to perform statistical inference by relating conditional probabilities to unconditional probabilities. As we show here, however, there is a continuous set of alternative…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-05 Samuel G. Rodriques

The underlying probabilistic theory for quantum mechanics is non-Kolmogorovian. The order in which physical observables will be important if they are incompatible (non-commuting). In particular, the notion of conditioning needs to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-30 John E. Gough

According to a standard view, quantum mechanics (QM) is a contextual theory and quantum probability does not satisfy Kolmogorov's axioms. We show, by considering the macroscopic contexts associated with measurement procedures and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-24 Claudio Garola

This paper reports three almost trivial theorems that nevertheless appear to have significant import for quantum foundations studies. 1) A Gleason-like derivation of the quantum probability law, but based on the positive operator-valued…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christopher A. Fuchs

Despite the tremendous empirical success of quantum theory there is still widespread disagreement about what it can tell us about the nature of the world. A central question is whether the theory is about our knowledge of reality, or a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-10 Sally Shrapnel , Fabio Costa , Gerard Milburn

We deduce the Born rule. No use is required of quantum postulates. One exploits only rudimentary quantum mathematics--a linear, not Hilbert', vector space--and empirical notion of the statistical length of a state. Its statistical nature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-24 Yurii V. Brezhnev

The Born rule is derived from operational assumptions, independent of the normalization of the state. Unlike Gleason's theorem, the argument applies even if probabilities are defined for only a single resolution of the identity, so it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon Saunders

We present a derivation of the third postulate of Relational Quantum Mechanics (RQM) from the properties of conditional probabilities.The first two RQM postulates are based on the information that can be extracted from interaction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 M. Trassinelli

We present a derivation of Born's rule and unitary transforms in Quantum Mechanics, from a simple set of axioms built upon a physical phenomenology of quantization. Combined to Gleason's theorem, this approach naturally leads to the usual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-07 Alexia Auffèves , Philippe Grangier

A simple proof is given that the probabilities of observations in a large universe are not given directly by Born's rule as the expectation values of projection operators in a global quantum state of the entire universe. An alternative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-07-27 Don N. Page

A quantum probability measure is a function on a sigma-algebra of subsets of a (locally compact and Hausdorff) sample space that satisfies the formal requirements for a measure, but whose values are positive operators acting on a complex…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-03 Douglas Farenick , Michael J. Kozdron

Two problems will be considered: the question of hidden parameters and the problem of Kolmogorovity of quantum probabilities. Both of them will be analyzed from the point of view of two distinct understandings of quantum mechanical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Laszlo E. Szabo

Busch's theorem deriving the standard quantum probability rule can be regarded as a more general form of Gleason's theorem. Here we show that a further generalisation is possible by reducing the number of quantum postulates used by Busch.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-17 Stephen M. Barnett , James D. Cresser , John Jeffers , David T. Pegg

According to Born's rule quantum probabilities are given by the overlap between the system state and measurement states in a quite symmetrical way. This means that both contribute to any observed nonclassical effect that is usually…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-21 Alfredo Luis , Laura Ares

We formulate a discrete two-state stochastic process with elementary rules that give rise to Born statistics and reproduce the probabilities from the Schr\"odinger equation under an associated Hamiltonian matrix, which we identify. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Themis Matsoukas

A collapse-free version of quantum theory is examined to systematically study the role of the projection postulate. This foil theory assumes "passive" measurements that do not update quantum states although measurement outcomes still occur…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Vincenzo Fiorentino , Stefan Weigert

In the quantum-Bayesian approach to quantum foundations, a quantum state is viewed as an expression of an agent's personalist Bayesian degrees of belief, or probabilities, concerning the results of measurements. These probabilities obey the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Christopher A. Fuchs , Ruediger Schack

The quantum-mechanical rule for probabilities, in its most general form of positive-operator valued measure (POVM), is shown to be a consequence of the environment-assisted invariance (envariance) idea suggested by Zurek [Phys. Rev. Lett.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-23 A. V. Nenashev

This is a review of the issue of randomness in quantum mechanics, with special emphasis on its ambiguity; for example, randomness has different antipodal relationships to determinism, computability, and compressibility. Following a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Klaas Landsman