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Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been introduced for designing wireless policies by approximating the mappings from environmental parameters to solutions of optimization problems. Considering that labeled training samples are hard to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Chengjian Sun , Changyang She , Chenyang Yang

Continuous Speech Keyword Spotting (CSKS) is the problem of spotting keywords in recorded conversations, when a small number of instances of keywords are available in training data. Unlike the more common Keyword Spotting, where an…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Harshita Seth , Pulkit Kumar , Muktabh Mayank Srivastava

Continuously learning new classes without catastrophic forgetting is a challenging problem for on-device acoustic event classification given the restrictions on computation resources (e.g., model size, running memory). To alleviate such an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Yang Xiao

Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC), a non-autoregressive training criterion, is widely used in online keyword spotting (KWS). However, existing CTC-based KWS decoding strategies either rely on Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR),…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-25 Yu Xi , Haoyu Li , Xiaoyu Gu , Hao Li , Yidi Jiang , Kai Yu

Dual-encoder retrievers depend on the principle that relevant documents should score higher than irrelevant ones for a given query. Yet the dominant Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) objective, which underpins Contrastive Loss, optimizes a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Nima Sheikholeslami , Erfan Hosseini , Patrice Bechard , Srivatsava Daruru , Sai Rajeswar

This paper proposes a Sub-band Convolutional Neural Network for spoken term classification. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have proven to be very effective in acoustic applications such as spoken term classification, keyword spotting,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-03 Chieh-Chi Kao , Ming Sun , Yixin Gao , Shiv Vitaladevuni , Chao Wang

Key challenges in developing underwater acoustic localization methods are related to the combined effects of high reverberation in intricate environments. To address such challenges, recent studies have shown that with a properly designed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-30 Amir Weiss , Andrew C. Singer , Gregory W. Wornell

Weakly supervised learning aims to empower machine learning when the perfect supervision is unavailable, which has drawn great attention from researchers. Among various types of weak supervision, one of the most challenging cases is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Zheng Xie , Yu Liu , Ming Li

Area under the ROC curve, a.k.a. AUC, is a measure of choice for assessing the performance of a classifier for imbalanced data. AUC maximization refers to a learning paradigm that learns a predictive model by directly maximizing its AUC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Tianbao Yang , Yiming Ying

We consider feature learning for efficient keyword spotting that can be applied in severely under-resourced settings. The objective is to support humanitarian relief programmes by the United Nations in parts of Africa in which almost no…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-16 Ewald van der Westhuizen , Herman Kamper , Raghav Menon , John Quinn , Thomas Niesler

AUC is an important performance measure and many algorithms have been devoted to AUC optimization, mostly by minimizing a surrogate convex loss on a training data set. In this work, we focus on one-pass AUC optimization that requires only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Wei Gao , Rong Jin , Shenghuo Zhu , Zhi-Hua Zhou

In this paper, we propose a deep convolutional neural network-based acoustic word embedding system on code-switching query by example spoken term detection. Different from previous configurations, we combine audio data in two languages for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-26 Murong Ma , Haiwei Wu , Xuyang Wang , Lin Yang , Junjie Wang , Ming Li

Keyword spotting and in particular Wake-Up-Word (WUW) detection is a very important task for voice assistants. A very common issue of voice assistants is that they get easily activated by background noise like music, TV or background speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-01 David Bonet , Guillermo Cámbara , Fernando López , Pablo Gómez , Carlos Segura , Jordi Luque

Always-on keyword spotting (KWS) demands on-device adaptation to cope with user- and environment-specific distribution shifts under tight latency and energy budgets. This paper proposes, for the first time, coupling weight adaptation (i.e.,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-04 Matteo Risso , Alessio Burrello , Daniele Jahier Pagliari

Recognizing a particular command or a keyword, keyword spotting has been widely used in many voice interfaces such as Amazon's Alexa and Google Home. In order to recognize a set of keywords, most of the recent deep learning based approaches…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-14 Archit Parnami , Minwoo Lee

Robustness of deep neural networks to input noise remains a critical challenge, as naive noise injection often degrades accuracy on clean (uncorrupted) data. We propose a novel training framework that addresses this trade-off through two…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Hai-Vy Nguyen , Fabrice Gamboa , Sixin Zhang , Reda Chhaibi , Serge Gratton , Thierry Giaccone

Large size models are implemented in recently ASR system to deal with complex speech recognition problems. The num- ber of parameters in these models makes them hard to deploy, especially on some resource-short devices such as car tablet.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Sihao Xue , Zhenyi Ying , Fan Mo , Min Wang , Jue Sun

Using neural networks for localization of key fob within and surrounding a car as a security feature for keyless entry is fast emerging. In this paper we study: 1) the performance of pre-computed features of neural networks based UWB (ultra…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Abhiram Kolli , Filippo Casamassima , Horst Possegger , Horst Bischof

Diagnostic and intervention methodologies for skill assessment of autism typically requires a clinician repetitively initiating several stimuli and recording the child's response. In this paper, we propose to automate the response…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Prashant Pandey , Prathosh AP , Manu Kohli , Josh Pritchard

Comparing spoken segments is a central operation to speech processing. Traditional approaches in this area have favored frame-level dynamic programming algorithms, such as dynamic time warping, because they require no supervision, but they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Shane Settle