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Training neural networks on image datasets generally require extensive experimentation to find the optimal learning rate regime. Especially, for the cases of adversarial training or for training a newly synthesized model, one would not know…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Koyel Mukherjee , Alind Khare , Ashish Verma

We investigate the role of learning rate scheduling in the large-scale pre-training of large language models, focusing on its influence on downstream performance after supervised fine-tuning (SFT). Decay-based learning rate schedulers are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Kazuki Yano , Shun Kiyono , Sosuke Kobayashi , Sho Takase , Jun Suzuki

The learning rate is a crucial hyperparameter in deep learning, with its ideal value depending on the problem and potentially changing during training. In this paper, we investigate the practical utility of adaptive learning rate mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Asma Atamna , Tom Maus , Fabian Kievelitz , Tobias Glasmachers

Deep neural networks are commonly trained using stochastic non-convex optimization procedures, which are driven by gradient information estimated on fractions (batches) of the dataset. While it is commonly accepted that batch size is an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Ilya Loshchilov , Frank Hutter

The increasing complexity of modern deep neural network models and the expanding sizes of datasets necessitate the development of optimized and scalable training methods. In this white paper, we addressed the challenge of efficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Raphael Ruschel , A. S. M. Iftekhar , B. S. Manjunath , Suya You

Efficient Federated learning (FL) is crucial for training deep networks over devices with limited compute resources and bounded networks. With the advent of big data, devices either generate or collect multimodal data to train either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Sahil Tyagi

Training large language models (LLMs) to reason via reinforcement learning (RL) significantly improves their problem-solving capabilities. In agentic settings, existing methods like ReAct prompt LLMs to explicitly plan before every action;…

It is common in deep learning to warm up the learning rate $\eta$, often by a linear schedule between $\eta_{\text{init}} = 0$ and a predetermined target $\eta_{\text{trgt}}$. In this paper, we show through systematic experiments using SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Dayal Singh Kalra , Maissam Barkeshli

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms are currently applied to a wide range of products and solutions. DL training jobs are highly resource demanding and they experience great benefits when exploiting AI…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Federica Filippini , Danilo Ardagna , Marco Lattuada , Edoardo Amaldi , Michele Ciavotta , Maciek Riedl , Katarzyna Materka , Paweł Skrzypek , Fabrizio Magugliani , Marco Cicala

In this work we explore the application of deep neural networks to the optimization of atomic layer deposition processes based on thickness values obtained at different points of an ALD reactor. We introduce a dataset designed to train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Angel Yanguas-Gil , Jeffrey W. Elam

Training and fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) come with challenges related to memory and computational requirements due to the increasing size of the model weights and the optimizer states. Various techniques have been developed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yehonathan Refael , Jonathan Svirsky , Boris Shustin , Wasim Huleihel , Ofir Lindenbaum

Data loading can dominate deep neural network training time on large-scale systems. We present a comprehensive study on accelerating data loading performance in large-scale distributed training. We first identify performance and scalability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Chih-Chieh Yang , Guojing Cong

Learning how to learn efficiently is a fundamental challenge for biological agents and a growing concern for artificial ones. To learn effectively, an agent must regulate its learning speed, balancing the benefits of rapid improvement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Valentina Njaradi , Rodrigo Carrasco-Davis , Peter E. Latham , Andrew Saxe

AI accelerator processing capabilities and memory constraints largely dictate the scale in which machine learning workloads (e.g., training and inference) can be executed within a desirable time frame. Training a state of the art,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Michael Benington , Leo Phan , Chris Pierre Paul , Evan Shoemaker , Priyanka Ranade , Torstein Collett , Grant Hodgson Perez , Christopher Krieger

The success of modern deep learning is attributed to two key elements: huge amounts of training data and large model sizes. Where a vast amount of data allows the model to learn more features, the large model architecture boosts the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Muhammad Asif Khan , Ridha Hamila , Hamid Menouar

The learning rate in stochastic gradient methods is a critical hyperparameter that is notoriously costly to tune via standard grid search, especially for training modern large-scale models with billions of parameters. We identify a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Amit Attia , Tomer Koren

We analyze the convergence behavior of stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM) under dynamic learning-rate and batch-size schedules by introducing a novel and simpler Lyapunov function. We extend the existing theoretical framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yuichi Kondo , Hideaki Iiduka

Low precision deep neural network (DNN) training is one of the most effective techniques for boosting DNNs' training efficiency, as it trims down the training cost from the finest bit level. While existing works mostly fix the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Zhongzhi Yu , Yonggan Fu , Shang Wu , Mengquan Li , Haoran You , Yingyan Lin

The increasing adoption of large language models (LLMs) necessitates inference serving systems that can deliver both high throughput and low latency. Deploying LLMs with hundreds of billions of parameters on memory-constrained GPUs exposes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Bowen Pang , Kai Li , Feifan Wang

One of the most well-established applications of machine learning is in deciding what content to show website visitors. When observation data comes from high-velocity, user-generated data streams, machine learning methods perform a…

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