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Existing black-box attacks have demonstrated promising potential in creating adversarial examples (AE) to deceive deep learning models. Most of these attacks need to handle a vast optimization space and require a large number of queries,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Renyang Liu , Wei Zhou , Tianwei Zhang , Kangjie Chen , Jun Zhao , Kwok-Yan Lam

Deep neural networks are powerful and popular learning models that achieve state-of-the-art pattern recognition performance on many computer vision, speech, and language processing tasks. However, these networks have also been shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-20 Nina Narodytska , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

Image classification currently faces significant security challenges due to adversarial attacks, which consist of intentional alterations designed to deceive classification models based on artificial intelligence. This article explores an…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Sergio Nesmachnow , Jamal Toutouh

Adversarial attacks that generate small L_p-norm perturbations to mislead classifiers have limited success in black-box settings and with unseen classifiers. These attacks are also not robust to defenses that use denoising filters and to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Ali Shahin Shamsabadi , Ricardo Sanchez-Matilla , Andrea Cavallaro

We focus on the problem of black-box adversarial attacks, where the aim is to generate adversarial examples using information limited to loss function evaluations of input-output pairs. We use Bayesian optimization~(BO) to specifically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Satya Narayan Shukla , Anit Kumar Sahu , Devin Willmott , J. Zico Kolter

Query-based black-box attacks have emerged as a significant threat to machine learning systems, where adversaries can manipulate the input queries to generate adversarial examples that can cause misclassification of the model. To counter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Shaofei Li , Ziqi Zhang , Haomin Jia , Ding Li , Yao Guo , Xiangqun Chen

Adversarial example generation becomes a viable method for evaluating the robustness of a machine learning model. In this paper, we consider hard-label black-box attacks (a.k.a. decision-based attacks), which is a challenging setting that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Zhenxin Xiao , Puyudi Yang , Yuchen Jiang , Kai-Wei Chang , Cho-Jui Hsieh

We perform a comprehensive study on the performance of derivative free optimization (DFO) algorithms for the generation of targeted black-box adversarial attacks on Deep Neural Network (DNN) classifiers assuming the perturbation energy is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Giuseppe Ughi , Vinayak Abrol , Jared Tanner

Deep learning systems, critical in domains like autonomous vehicles, are vulnerable to adversarial examples (crafted inputs designed to mislead classifiers). This study investigates black-box adversarial attacks in computer vision. This is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Francesco Panebianco , Mario D'Onghia , Stefano Zanero aand Michele Carminati

Decision-based methods have shown to be effective in black-box adversarial attacks, as they can obtain satisfactory performance and only require to access the final model prediction. Gradient estimation is a critical step in black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Han Liu , Xingshuo Huang , Xiaotong Zhang , Qimai Li , Fenglong Ma , Wei Wang , Hongyang Chen , Hong Yu , Xianchao Zhang

Neural networks play an increasingly important role in the field of machine learning and are included in many applications in society. Unfortunately, neural networks suffer from adversarial samples generated to attack them. However, most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xiaolei Liu , Yuheng Luo , Xiaosong Zhang , Qingxin Zhu

Adversarial examples have gained tons of attention in recent years. Many adversarial attacks have been proposed to attack image classifiers, but few work shift attention to object detectors. In this paper, we propose Sparse Adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Jiayu Bao

Research on adversarial examples in computer vision tasks has shown that small, often imperceptible changes to an image can induce misclassification, which has security implications for a wide range of image processing systems. Considering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Jérôme Rony , Luiz G. Hafemann , Luiz S. Oliveira , Ismail Ben Ayed , Robert Sabourin , Eric Granger

Adversarial perturbations dramatically decrease the accuracy of state-of-the-art image classifiers. In this paper, we propose and analyze a simple and computationally efficient defense strategy: inject random Gaussian noise, discretize each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Yuchen Zhang , Percy Liang

Deep learning systems are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. In particular, query-based black-box attacks do not require knowledge of the deep learning model, but can compute adversarial examples over the network by submitting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Huiying Li , Shawn Shan , Emily Wenger , Jiayun Zhang , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Deep learning models are used in safety-critical tasks such as automated driving and face recognition. However, small perturbations in the model input can significantly change the predictions. Adversarial attacks are used to identify small…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Issa Oe , Keiichiro Yamamura , Hiroki Ishikura , Ryo Hamahira , Katsuki Fujisawa

Clustering algorithms play a fundamental role as tools in decision-making and sensible automation processes. Due to the widespread use of these applications, a robustness analysis of this family of algorithms against adversarial noise has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Antonio Emanuele Cinà , Alessandro Torcinovich , Marcello Pelillo

Machine learning based intrusion detection systems are increasingly targeted by black box adversarial attacks, where attackers craft evasive inputs using indirect feedback such as binary outputs or behavioral signals like response time and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Sabrine Ennaji , Elhadj Benkhelifa , Luigi Vincenzo Mancini

The increasing scale and sophistication of cyberattacks has led to the adoption of machine learning based classification techniques, at the core of cybersecurity systems. These techniques promise scale and accuracy, which traditional rule…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Tegjyot Singh Sethi , Mehmed Kantardzic , Joung Woo Ryu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many tasks but have shown extreme vulnerabilities to attacks generated by adversarial examples. Many works go with a white-box attack that assumes total access to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Phoenix Williams , Ke Li