English
Related papers

Related papers: Weakened Random Oracle Models with Target Prefix

200 papers

Large language models (LLMs) can leak sensitive training data through memorization and membership inference attacks. Prior work has primarily focused on strong adversarial assumptions, including attacker access to entire samples or long,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Lucas Rosenblatt , Bin Han , Robert Wolfe , Bill Howe

A frustratingly easy technique known as the prefilling attack has been shown to effectively circumvent the safety alignment of frontier LLMs by simply prefilling the assistant response with an affirmative prefix before decoding. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Jason Vega , Gagandeep Singh

Fracture modeling of metallic alloys with microscopic pores relies on multiscale damage simulations which typically ignore the manufacturing-induced spatial variabilities in porosity. This simplification is made because of the prohibitive…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Shiguang Deng , Carlos Mora , Diran Apelian , Ramin Bostanabad

Prompt engineering reduces reasoning mistakes in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, its effectiveness in mitigating vulnerabilities in LLM-generated code remains underexplored. To address this gap, we implemented a benchmark to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Marc Bruni , Fabio Gabrielli , Mohammad Ghafari , Martin Kropp

In this paper, we present recent efforts to develop reduced order modeling (ROM) capabilities for spectral element methods (SEM). Namely, we detail the implementation of ROM for both continuous Galerkin and discontinuous Galerkin methods in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-22 Martin W. Hess , Andrea Lario , Gianmarco Mengaldo , Gianluigi Rozza

Lattice based encryption schemes and linear code based encryption schemes have received extensive attention in recent years since they have been considered as post-quantum candidate encryption schemes. Though LLL reduction algorithm has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-12-29 Yongge Wang

Oblivious RAM protocols (ORAMs) allow a client to access data from an untrusted storage device without revealing the access patterns. Typically, the ORAM adversary can observe both read and write accesses. Write-only ORAMs target a more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Anrin Chakraborti , Radu Sion

We initiate the provable related-key security treatment for models of practical Feistel ciphers. In detail, we consider Feistel networks with four whitening keys $w_i(k)$ ($i=0,1,2,3$) and round-functions of the form $f(\gamma_i(k)\oplus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Chun Guo

As the pre-trained language models (PLMs) continue to grow, so do the hardware and data requirements for fine-tuning PLMs. Therefore, the researchers have come up with a lighter method called \textit{Prompt Learning}. However, during the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Yundi Shi , Piji Li , Changchun Yin , Zhaoyang Han , Lu Zhou , Zhe Liu

Recent steganographic schemes, starting with Meteor (CCS'21), rely on leveraging large language models (LLMs) to resolve a historically-challenging task of disguising covert communication as ``innocent-looking'' natural-language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Neil Perry , Sanket Gupte , Nishant Pitta , Lior Rotem

A biometric recognition system can operate in two distinct modes: identification or verification. In the first mode, the system recognizes an individual by searching the enrolled templates of all the users for a match. In the second mode,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Axel Durbet , Paul-Marie Grollemund , Kevin Thiry-Atighehchi

Federated large language models (FedLLMs) enable powerful generative capabilities within wireless networks while preserving data privacy. Nonetheless, FedLLMs remain vulnerable to model poisoning attacks. This article first reviews recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Hanlin Cai , Haofan Dong , Houtianfu Wang , Kai Li , Ozgur B. Akan

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs), as hardware security primitives, exploit manufacturing randomness to extract hardware instance-specific secrets. One of most popular structures is time-delay based Arbiter PUF attributing to large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-21 Yansong Gao , Said F. Al-Sarawi , Derek Abbott , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi , Damith C. Ranasinghe

Although pre-trained language models (PrLMs) have achieved significant success, recent studies demonstrate that PrLMs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. By generating adversarial examples with slight perturbations on different levels…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Jiayi Wang , Rongzhou Bao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

Trust is the core building block of secure systems, and it is enforced through methods to ensure that a specific system is properly configured and works as expected. In this context, a Root of Trust (RoT) establishes a trusted environment,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Grazia D'Onghia , Antonio Lioy

This chapter provides an extended overview about Reduced Order Models (ROMs), with a focus on their features in terms of efficiency and accuracy. In particular, the aim is to browse the more common ROM frameworks, considering both intrusive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Pierfrancesco Siena , Paquale Claudio Africa , Michele Girfoglio , Gianluigi Rozza

Weak coin flipping is an important cryptographic primitive$\unicode{x2013}$it is the strongest known secure two-party computation primitive that classically becomes secure only under certain assumptions (e.g. computational hardness), while…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Atul Singh Arora , Jérémie Roland , Chrysoula Vlachou , Stephan Weis

To build a secure communications software, Vulnerability Prediction Models (VPMs) are used to predict vulnerable software modules in the software system before software security testing. At present many software security metrics have been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Shengjun Wei , Hao Zhong , Chun Shan , Lin Ye , Xiaojiang Du , Mohsen Guizani

Weak memory models provide a complex, system-centric semantics for concurrent programs, while transactional memory (TM) provides a simpler, programmer-centric semantics. Both have been studied in detail, but their combined semantics is not…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Nathan Chong , Tyler Sorensen , John Wickerson

Digital signatures are fundamental cryptographic primitives that ensure the authenticity and integrity of digital documents. In the post-quantum era, classical public key-based signature schemes become vulnerable to brute-force and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Satish Kumar , Md. Arzoo Jamal