Related papers: The Bloch theorem in the presence of an additional…

The Bloch theorem is a powerful theorem stating that the expectation value of the U(1) current operator averaged over the entire space vanishes in large quantum systems. The theorem applies to the ground state and to the thermal equilibrium…

Bloch theorem states the impossibility of persistent electric currents in the ground state of nonrelativistic fermion systems. We extend this theorem to generic systems based on the gauged particle number symmetry and study its consequences…

Bloch theorem in ordinary quantum mechanics means the absence of the total electric current in equilibrium. In the present paper we analyze the possibility that this theorem remains valid within quantum field theory relevant for the…

We study the Bloch theorem which states absence of the spontaneous current in interacting electron systems. This theorem is shown to be still applicable to the system with the magnetic field induced by the electric current. Application to…

We review proofs of a theorem of Bloch on the absence of macroscopic stationary currents in quantum systems. The standard proof shows that the current in 1D vanishes in the large volume limit under rather general conditions. In higher…

We provide a unified semiclassical theory for the conserved current of nonconserved quantities, and manifest it in two physical contexts: the spin current of Bloch electrons and the charge current of mean-field Bogoliubov quasiparticles.…

Conservation of current and conservation of charge are nearly the same thing: when enough is known about charge movement, conservation of current can be derived from conservation of charge, in ideal dielectrics, for example. Conservation of…

We extend a theorem of Bloch, which concerns the net orbital current carried by an interacting electron system in equilibrium, to include mesoscopic effects. We obtain a rigorous upper bound to the allowed ground-state current in a ring or…

We propose a new class of vector fields to construct a conserved charge in a general field theory whose energy momentum tensor is covariantly conserved. We show that there always exists such a vector field in a given field theory even…

Noether's 2nd theorem applied to a total system states that a global symmetry which is a part of local symmetries does not provide a physically meaningful conserved charge but it instead leads to off-shell constraints as a form of conserved…

Using a generalisation of the detailed balance for systems maintained out of equilibrium by contact with 2 reservoirs at unequal temperatures or at unequal densities, we recover the fluctuation theorem for the large deviation funtion of the…

Most systems, when pushed out of equilibrium, respond by building up currents of locally-conserved observables. Understanding how microscopic dynamics determines the averages and fluctuations of these currents is one of the main open…

Floquet theory is a powerful tool in the analysis of many physical phenomena, and extended to spatial coordinates provides the basis for Bloch's theorem. However, in its original formulation it is limited to linear systems with periodic…

A fluctuation theorem is proved for the macroscopic currents of a system in a nonequilibrium steady state, by using Schnakenberg network theory. The theorem can be applied, in particular, in reaction systems where the affinities or…

For the Yang-Mills-type gauge-field theory with Lorentz symmetry group, we propose and verify an explicit expression for the conserved currents in terms of the energy-momentum tensor. A crucial ingredient is the assumption that the gauge…

For every conserved quantity written as a sum of local terms, there exists a corresponding current operator that satisfies the continuity equation. The expectation values of current operators at equilibrium define the persistent currents…

Apart from the familiar structure firmly-rooted in the general relativistic field equations where the energy--momentum tensor has a null divergence i.e., it conserves, there exists a considerable number of extended theories of gravity…

In this work, persistent currents in rings made of band insulators are analyzed theoretically. We first formulate a recipe which determines the Bloch states of a one-dimensional (1D) ring from the Bloch states of an infinite 1D crystal…

We discuss conservation of probability in noniteracting disordered electron systems. We argue that although the norm of the electron wave function is conserved in individual realizations of the random potential, we cannot extend this…

Starting from the most general formulation of stochastic thermodynamics---i.e. a thermodynamically consistent nonautonomous stochastic dynamics describing systems in contact with several reservoirs---, we define a procedure to identify the…