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An Egyptian fraction is a sum of distinct unit fractions (reciprocals of positive integers). We show that every rational number has Egyptian fraction representations where the number of terms is of the same order of magnitude as the largest…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Greg Martin

Every positive rational number has representations as Egyptian fractions (sums of reciprocals of distinct positive integers) with arbitrarily many terms and with arbitrarily large denominators. However, such representations normally use a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Greg Martin

We give a sharp upper bound for the entries of the representations of a rational number as a sum of Egyptian fractions.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-30 Florin Ambro , Mugurel Barcau

An Egyptian fraction is a sum of the form $1/n_1 + \cdots + 1/n_r$ where $n_1, \dots, n_k$ are distinct positive integers. We prove explicit lower bounds for the cardinality of the set $E_N$ of rational numbers that can be represented by…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-15 Sandro Bettin , Loïc Grenié , Giuseppe Molteni , Carlo Sanna

Any rational number can be written as the sum of distinct unit fractions. In this survey paper we review some of the many interesting questions concerning such 'Egyptian fraction' decompositions, and recent progress concerning them.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Thomas F. Bloom , Christian Elsholtz

This paper introduces a new equation for rewriting two unit fractions to another two unit fractions. This equation is useful for optimizing the elements of an Egyptian Fraction. Parity of the elements of the Egyptian Fractions are also…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Keneth Adrian Dagal

We study solutions to the Egyptian fractions equation with the prime factors of the denominators constrained to lie in a fixed set of primes. We evaluate the effectiveness of the greedy algorithm in establishing bounds on such solutions.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Agustina Czenky , Emily McGovern , Julia Plavnik , Eric Rowell , Abigail Watkins

Resolving a conjecture of Zhi-Wei Sun, we prove that every rational number can be represented as a sum of distinct unit fractions whose denominators are practical numbers. The same method applies to allowed denominators that are closed…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-28 David Eppstein

Let $\mathcal A = (A_1,\ldots, A_n)$ be a sequence of nonempty finite sets of positive real numbers, and let $\mathcal{B} = (B_1,\ldots, B_n)$ be a sequence of infinite discrete sets of positive real numbers. A weighted real Egyptian number…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-17 Melvyn B. Nathanson

The notion of an \emph{Egyptian} integral domain $D$ (where every fraction can be written as a sum of unit fractions with denominators from $D$) is extended here to the notion that a ring $R$ is \emph{$W$-Egyptian}, with $W$ a…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-09-20 Neil Epstein

We explore a novel link between two seemingly disparate mathematical concepts: Egyptian fractions and fractals. By examining the decomposition of rationals into sums of distinct unit fractions, a practice rooted in ancient Egyptian…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Laura De Carli , Andrew Echezabal , Ismael Morell

For any integer $N \geq 1$, let $\mathfrak{E}_N$ be the set of all Egyptian fractions employing denominators less than or equal to $N$. We give upper and lower bounds for the cardinality of $\mathfrak{E}_N$, proving that $$ \frac{N}{\log N}…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-18 Sandro Bettin , Loïc Grenié , Giuseppe Molteni , Carlo Sanna

Egyptian decompositions of 2/D as a sum of two unit fractions are studied by means of certain divisors of D, namely r and s. Our analysis does not concern the method to find r and s, but just why the scribes have chosen a solution instead…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-04-02 Lionel Bréhamet

Simplification of fractional powers of positive rational numbers and of sums, products and powers of such numbers is taught in beginning algebra. Such numbers can often be expressed in many ways, as this article discusses in some detail.…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2013-02-12 Albert D. Rich , David R. Stoutemyer

We find the closest approximation to 1 from below using a sum of $n$ Egyptian fractions.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 K. Soundararajan

An increasing sequence $(x_i)_{i=1}^n$ of positive integers is an $n$-term Egyptian underapproximation of $\theta \in (0,1]$ if $\sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{x_i} < \theta$. A greedy algorithm constructs an $n$-term underapproximation of $\theta$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-14 Melvyn B. Nathanson

Multiplication and exponentiation can be defined by equations in which one of the operands is written as the sum of powers of two. When these powers are non-negative integers, the operand is integer; without this restriction it is a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-12 M. H. van Emden

Answering a question of Erd\H{o}s and Graham, we show that for each fixed positive rational number $x$ the number of ways to write $x$ as a sum of reciprocals of distinct positive integers each at most $n$ is $2^{(c_x + o(1))n}$ for an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-19 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Xiaoyu He , Dhruv Mubayi , Huy Tuan Pham , Andrew Suk , Jacques Verstraëte

An algorithm for irreducible decomposition of representations of finite groups over fields of characteristic zero is described. The algorithm uses the fact that the decomposition induces a partition of the invariant inner product into a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-05 Vladimir V Kornyak

This paper attempts to prove the Sylvester's conjecture using Egyptian Fractions with two key ingredients. First, creating a set of operators that completely generates all possible Egyptian fraction of 1. And second, to detect patterns in…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-07-29 Keneth Adrian Dagal
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