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To tackle increasingly complex tasks, it has become an essential ability of neural networks to learn abstract representations. These task-specific representations and, particularly, the invariances they capture turn neural networks into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Robin Rombach , Patrick Esser , Björn Ommer

All non-negative, continuous, $\operatorname{SL}(n)$ and translation invariant valuations on the space of super-coercive, convex functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$ are classified. Furthermore, using the invariance of the function space under the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2021-01-26 Fabian Mussnig

With the rise of deep neural networks, the challenge of explaining the predictions of these networks has become increasingly recognized. While many methods for explaining the decisions of deep neural networks exist, there is currently no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Ian E. Nielsen , Dimah Dera , Ghulam Rasool , Nidhal Bouaynaya , Ravi P. Ramachandran

Propositional logics in general, considered as a set of sentences, can be undecidable even if they have "nice" representations, e.g., are given by a calculus. Even decidable propositional logics can be computationally complex (e.g., already…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Matthias Baaz , Richard Zach

Valuation based systems verifying an idempotent property are studied. A partial order is defined between the valuations giving them a lattice structure. Then, two different strategies are introduced to represent valuations: as infimum of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Luis D. Hernandez , Serafin Moral

Deep neural networks are highly expressive models that have recently achieved state of the art performance on speech and visual recognition tasks. While their expressiveness is the reason they succeed, it also causes them to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-02-20 Christian Szegedy , Wojciech Zaremba , Ilya Sutskever , Joan Bruna , Dumitru Erhan , Ian Goodfellow , Rob Fergus

Adaptive behavior often requires predicting future events. The theory of reinforcement learning prescribes what kinds of predictive representations are useful and how to compute them. This paper integrates these theoretical ideas with work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Wilka Carvalho , Momchil S. Tomov , William de Cothi , Caswell Barry , Samuel J. Gershman

Predictive coding is a message-passing framework initially developed to model information processing in the brain, and now also topic of research in machine learning due to some interesting properties. One of such properties is the natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Billy Byiringiro , Tommaso Salvatori , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Interpretability of deep reinforcement learning systems could assist operators with understanding how they interact with their environment. Vector quantization methods -- also called codebook methods -- discretize a neural network's latent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Kenneth Eaton , Jonathan Balloch , Julia Kim , Mark Riedl

We initiate the study of the communication complexity of fair division with indivisible goods. We focus on some of the most well-studied fairness notions (envy-freeness, proportionality, and approximations thereof) and valuation classes…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Benjamin Plaut , Tim Roughgarden

The success of reinforcement learning in typical settings is predicated on Markovian assumptions on the reward signal by which an agent learns optimal policies. In recent years, the use of reward machines has relaxed this assumption by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Taylor Dohmen , Noah Topper , George Atia , Andre Beckus , Ashutosh Trivedi , Alvaro Velasquez

Choice functions constitute a simple, direct and very general mathematical framework for modelling choice under uncertainty. In particular, they are able to represent the set-valued choices that typically arise from applying decision rules…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Jasper De Bock , Gert de Cooman

Auxiliary tasks improve the representations learned by deep reinforcement learning agents. Analytically, their effect is reasonably well understood; in practice, however, their primary use remains in support of a main learning objective,…

Human communication includes information, opinions, and reactions. Reactions are often captured by the affective-messages in written as well as verbal communications. While there has been work in affect modeling and to some extent affective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Sopan Khosla , Niyati Chhaya , Kushal Chawla

Most algorithms in reinforcement learning (RL) require that the objective is formalised with a Markovian reward function. However, it is well-known that certain tasks cannot be expressed by means of an objective in the Markov rewards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Rohan Subramani , Marcus Williams , Max Heitmann , Halfdan Holm , Charlie Griffin , Joar Skalse

Although deep language representations have become the dominant form of language featurization in recent years, in many settings it is important to understand a model's decision-making process. This necessitates not only an interpretable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Victoria Lin , Louis-Philippe Morency

In this article we extend the framework of execution of concurrent functions on different abstract levels from previous work with communication between the concurrent functions. We classify the communications and identify problems that can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-11-23 Bob Diertens

The space of constructible functions form a dense subspace of the space of generalized valuations. In this note we prove a somewhat stronger property that the sequential closure, taken sufficiently many (in fact, infinitely many) times, of…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Semyon Alesker

We study the use of randomized value functions to guide deep exploration in reinforcement learning. This offers an elegant means for synthesizing statistically and computationally efficient exploration with common practical approaches to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-25 Ian Osband , Benjamin Van Roy , Daniel Russo , Zheng Wen

We introduce a symbolic method for the evaluation of definite integrals containing combinations of various functions, including exponentials, logarithm and products of Bessel functions of different types. The method we develop is naturally…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-11-04 D. Babusci , G. Dattoli