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Two widely used techniques for training supervised machine learning models on small datasets are Active Learning and Transfer Learning. The former helps to optimally use a limited budget to label new data. The latter uses large pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Nicolas M. Müller , Konstantin Böttinger

Facial recognition systems have become an integral part of the modern world. These methods accomplish the task of human identification in an automatic, fast, and non-interfering way. Past research has uncovered high vulnerability to simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Moritz Finke , Alexandra Dmitrienko

Automatic Speaker Verification systems are gaining popularity these days; spoofing attacks are of prime concern as they make these systems vulnerable. Some spoofing attacks like Replay attacks are easier to implement but are very hard to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Rahul T P , P R Aravind , Ranjith C , Usamath Nechiyil , Nandakumar Paramparambath

In recent years machine learning algorithms, and more specifically deep learning algorithms, have been widely used in many fields, including cyber security. However, machine learning systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, and this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Ihai Rosenberg , Asaf Shabtai , Yuval Elovici , Lior Rokach

Automatically assessing emotional valence in human speech has historically been a difficult task for machine learning algorithms. The subtle changes in the voice of the speaker that are indicative of positive or negative emotional states…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Jonathan Chang , Stefan Scherer

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. This paper addresses detection and defence against targeted white-box attacks on speech signals for ASR systems. While existing work has utilised…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Nikolai L. Kühne , Astrid H. F. Kitchen , Marie S. Jensen , Mikkel S. L. Brøndt , Martin Gonzalez , Christophe Biscio , Zheng-Hua Tan

Deep learning has greatly improved visual recognition in recent years. However, recent research has shown that there exist many adversarial examples that can negatively impact the performance of such an architecture. This paper focuses on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-30 Xin Li , Fuxin Li

Like many other tasks involving neural networks, Speech Recognition models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. However recent research has pointed out differences between attacks and defenses on ASR models compared to image models.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Raphael Olivier , Bhiksha Raj

Large Language Models (LLMs) are valuable for text classification, but their vulnerabilities must not be disregarded. They lack robustness against adversarial examples, so it is pertinent to understand the impacts of different types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 João Vitorino , Eva Maia , Isabel Praça

Adversarial attacks insert small, imperceptible perturbations to input samples that cause large, undesired changes to the output of deep learning models. Despite extensive research on generating adversarial attacks and building defense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Vyas Raina , Mark Gales

The classification of acoustic environments allows for machines to better understand the auditory world around them. The use of deep learning in order to teach machines to discriminate between different rooms is a new area of research.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-07 Constantinos Papayiannis , Christine Evers , Patrick A. Naylor

Although ImageNet was initially proposed as a dataset for performance benchmarking in the domain of computer vision, it also enabled a variety of other research efforts. Adversarial machine learning is one such research effort, employing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Utku Ozbulak , Maura Pintor , Arnout Van Messem , Wesley De Neve

Word-level adversarial attacks have shown success in NLP models, drastically decreasing the performance of transformer-based models in recent years. As a countermeasure, adversarial defense has been explored, but relatively few efforts have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-04 KiYoon Yoo , Jangho Kim , Jiho Jang , Nojun Kwak

An automatic speech recognition (ASR) system based on a deep neural network is vulnerable to attack by an adversarial example, especially if the command-dependent ASR fails. A defense method against adversarial examples is proposed to…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Mingyu Dong , Diqun Yan , Yongkang Gong , Rangding Wang

Machine-learning architectures, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks: inputs crafted carefully to force the system output to a wrong label. Since machine-learning is being deployed in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Amira Guesmi , Ihsen Alouani , Khaled N. Khasawneh , Mouna Baklouti , Tarek Frikha , Mohamed Abid , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Deep learning has undoubtedly offered tremendous improvements in the performance of state-of-the-art speech emotion recognition (SER) systems. However, recent research on adversarial examples poses enormous challenges on the robustness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Siddique Latif , Rajib Rana , Junaid Qadir

Machine learning algorithms are used to construct a mathematical model for a system based on training data. Such a model is capable of making highly accurate predictions without being explicitly programmed to do so. These techniques have a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Cato Pauling , Michael Gimson , Muhammed Qaid , Ahmad Kida , Basel Halak

Convolutional neural networks have been used to achieve a string of successes during recent years, but their lack of interpretability remains a serious issue. Adversarial examples are designed to deliberately fool neural networks into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Jan Philip Göpfert , André Artelt , Heiko Wersing , Barbara Hammer

In this paper, we evaluate deep learning-enabled AED systems against evasion attacks based on adversarial examples. We test the robustness of multiple security critical AED tasks, implemented as CNNs classifiers, as well as existing…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Rodrigo dos Santos , Shirin Nilizadeh

In this study, we investigate the protection offered by federated learning algorithms against eavesdropping adversaries. In our model, the adversary is capable of intercepting model updates transmitted from clients to the server, enabling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Dipankar Maity , Kushal Chakrabarti