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Quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) has emerged as a promising research direction that integrates quantum information processing into reinforcement learning frameworks. While many existing QRL studies apply quantum agents to classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Jawaher Kaldari , Saif Al-Kuwari

Quantum neural networks represent a new machine learning paradigm that has recently attracted much attention due to its potential promise. Under certain conditions, these models approximate the distribution of their dataset with a truncated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-02 Mo Kordzanganeh , Daria Kosichkina , Alexey Melnikov

Machine learning with artificial neural networks is revolutionizing science. The most advanced challenges require discovering answers autonomously. This is the domain of reinforcement learning, where control strategies are improved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-03 Thomas Fösel , Petru Tighineanu , Talitha Weiss , Florian Marquardt

This paper explores the use of deep reinforcement learning agents to transfer knowledge from one environment to another. More specifically, the method takes advantage of asynchronous advantage actor critic (A3C) architecture to generalize a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Akshita Mittel , Sowmya Munukutla , Himanshi Yadav

Quantum reinforcement learning utilizes quantum layers to process information within a machine learning model. However, both pure and hybrid quantum reinforcement learning face challenges such as data encoding and the use of quantum…

Motivated by the recent success of reinforcement learning in games such as Go and Dota2, we formulate Bell non-local games as a reinforcement learning problem. Such a formulation helps us to explore Bell non-locality in a range of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 Kishor Bharti , Tobias Haug , Vlatko Vedral , Leong-Chuan Kwek

Deep learning is a modern approach to realize artificial intelligence. Many frameworks exist to implement the machine learning task; however, performance is limited by computing resources. Using a quantum computer to accelerate training is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-29 Zhao-Yun Chen , Cheng Xue , Si-Ming Chen , Guo-Ping Guo

Over the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in adopting deep neural networks to enhance the performance of conventional reinforcement learning. A notable milestone was the development of Deep Q-Networks (DQN), which achieved…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-14 Klinsmann Agyei , Pouria Sarhadi , Daniel Polani

Reinforcement learning has made great strides in recent years due to the success of methods using deep neural networks. However, such neural networks act as a black box, obscuring the inner workings. While reinforcement learning has the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Brittany Davis Pierson , Justine Ventura , Matthew E. Taylor

Playing two-player games using reinforcement learning and self-play can be challenging due to the complexity of two-player environments and the possible instability in the training process. We propose that a reinforcement learning algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Kimiya Saadat , Richard Zhao

This paper investigates quantum machine learning to optimize the beamforming in a multiuser multiple-input single-output downlink system. We aim to combine the power of quantum neural networks and the success of classical deep neural…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Juping Zhang , Gan Zheng , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Kai-Kit Wong , Fraser Burton

Quantum computing offers the potential for superior computational capabilities, particularly for data-intensive tasks. However, the current state of quantum hardware puts heavy restrictions on input size. To address this, hybrid transfer…

Quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) promises compact function approximators with access to vast Hilbert spaces, but its practical progress is slowed by NISQ-era constraints such as limited qubits and noise accumulation. We introduce a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Junghoon Justin Park , Huan-Hsin Tseng , Shinjae Yoo , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Jiook Cha

Ensemble and auxiliary tasks are both well known to improve the performance of machine learning models when data is limited. However, the interaction between these two methods is not well studied, particularly in the context of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Muhammad Rizki Maulana , Wee Sun Lee

The recently introduced Deep Q-Networks (DQN) algorithm has gained attention as one of the first successful combinations of deep neural networks and reinforcement learning. Its promise was demonstrated in the Arcade Learning Environment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-25 Yitao Liang , Marlos C. Machado , Erik Talvitie , Michael Bowling

Hybrid quantum-classical neural networks represent a promising frontier in the search for improved machine learning models. This thesis explores the integration of quantum layers within classical convolutional neural network architectures,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Silvie Illésová

We introduce a classical-quantum hybrid approach to computation, allowing for a quadratic performance improvement in the decision process of a learning agent. In particular, a quantum routine is described, which encodes on a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 A. Sannia , A. Giordano , N. Lo Gullo , C. Mastroianni , F. Plastina

Quantum circuits embed data in a Hilbert space whose dimensionality grows exponentially with the number of qubits, allowing even shallow parameterised quantum circuits (PQCs) to represent highly-correlated probability distributions that are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Jie Luo , Jeremy Kulcsar , Xueyin Chen , Giulio Giaconi , Georgios Korpas

This study conducts a comparative analysis of three advanced Deep Reinforcement Learning models: Deep Q-Networks (DQN), Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), and Advantage Actor-Critic (A2C), within the BreakOut Atari game environment. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Neil De La Fuente , Daniel A. Vidal Guerra

Quantum computing has a superior advantage in tackling specific problems, such as integer factorization and Simon's problem. For more general tasks in machine learning, by applying variational quantum circuits, more and more quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-23 Qingfeng Lan