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European Law now requires AI to be explainable in the context of adverse decisions affecting European Union (EU) citizens. At the same time, it is expected that there will be increasing instances of AI failure as it operates on imperfect…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-08-28 J. L. Olds , M. S. Khan , M. Nayebpour , N. Koizumi

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present unique challenges for policymakers that seek to govern the technology. In this context, the Delphi method has become an established way to identify consensus and disagreement on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Atte Ojanen , Johannes Anttila , Thilo H. K. Thelitz , Anna Bjork

Artificial intelligence can cause inconvenience, harm, or other unintended consequences in various ways, including those that arise from defects or malfunctions in the AI system itself or those caused by its use or misuse. Responsibility…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Sundaraparipurnan Narayanan , Mark Potkewitz

Since the public release of ChatGPT in November 2022, the AI landscape is undergoing a rapid transformation. Currently, the use of AI chatbots by consumers has largely been limited to image generation or question-answering language models.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Christoph Busch

This article examines the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) regulation in financial services, detailing the legal frameworks and compliance challenges posed by rapid technological adoption. By reviewing current legislation,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shahmar Mirishli

The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) applications has accelerated rapidly. AI enabled technologies are facing the public in many ways including infrastructure, consumer products and home applications. Because many of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Joanna F. DeFranco , Luke Biersmith

This paper proposes a comprehensive analysis of existing concepts coming from different disciplines tackling the notion of intelligence, namely psychology and engineering, and from disciplines aiming to regulate AI innovations, namely AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Gauthier Chassang , Mogens Thomsen , Pierre Rumeau , Florence Sèdes , Alejandra Delfin

The European Union (EU) has been pursuing a new strategy under the umbrella label of digital sovereignty. Data is an important element in this strategy. To this end, a specific Data Governance Act was enacted in 2022. This new regulation…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Jukka Ruohonen , Sini Mickelsson

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to make important decisions about people. While issues of AI bias and proxy discrimination are well explored, less focus has been paid to the harms created by profiling based on groups that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Sandra Wachter

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about significant societal changes, necessitating robust AI governance frameworks. This study analyzed the research trends in AI governance within the framework of the EU AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Byeong-Je Kim , Seunghoo Jeong , Bong-Kyung Cho , Ji-Bum Chung

The shape of AI regulation is beginning to emerge, most prominently through the EU AI Act (the "AIA"). By 2027, the AIA will be in full effect, and firms are starting to adjust their behavior in light of this new law. In this paper, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rui-Jie Yew , Bill Marino , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

This paper examines the European Union's emerging regulatory landscape - focusing on the AI Act, corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence regimes (CSRD and CSDDD), and data center regulation - to assess whether it can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Thomas Le Goff

The European Union's Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act is set to be a landmark legal instrument for regulating AI technology. While stakeholders have primarily focused on the governance of fixed purpose AI applications (also known as narrow…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Risto Uuk , Carlos Ignacio Gutierrez , Alex Tamkin

The paper argues that the material scope of AI regulations should not rely on the term "artificial intelligence (AI)". The argument is developed by proposing a number of requirements for legal definitions, surveying existing AI definitions,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Jonas Schuett

The rapid rollout of AI in heterogeneous public and societal sectors has subsequently escalated the need for compliance with regulatory standards and frameworks. The EU AI Act has emerged as a landmark in the regulatory landscape. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Athanasios Davvetas , Michael Papademas , Xenia Ziouvelou , Vangelis Karkaletsis

The authors are concerned about the safety, health, and rights of the European citizens due to inadequate measures and procedures required by the current draft of the EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act for the conformity assessment of AI…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-05 Bernhard Nessler , Thomas Doms , Sepp Hochreiter

The emergence of big data, AI and machine learning has allowed sellers and online platforms to tailor pricing for customers in real-time. While online algorithmic pricing can increase efficiency, market welfare, and optimize pricing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zihao Li

With the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act taking effect on 1 August 2024, high-risk AI applications must adhere to stringent transparency and fairness standards. This paper addresses a crucial question: how can we scientifically…

Applications · Statistics 2024-09-09 Shiqi Fang , Zexun Chen , Jake Ansell

Recently, the European Commission published draft regulation for uniform procedures and technical specification for the type-approval of motor vehicles with an automated driving system (ADS). While the draft regulation is welcome progress…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Maria Soledad Elli , Jack Weast

Artificial Intelligence (AI), is once again in the phase of drastic advancements. Unarguably, the technology itself can revolutionize the way we live our everyday life. But the exponential growth of technology poses a daunting task for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Rajesh Chidambaram