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Diffusion models have established new state of the art in a multitude of computer vision tasks, including image restoration. Diffusion-based inverse problem solvers generate reconstructions of exceptional visual quality from heavily…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Zalan Fabian , Berk Tinaz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

We investigate inverse diffraction problems for penetrable gratings in a piecewise constant medium. In the TE polarization case, it is proved that a binary grating profile together with the refractive index beneath it can be uniquely…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-11-24 Jianli Xiang , Guanghui Hu

The reconstruction of physical properties of a medium from boundary measurements, known as inverse scattering problems, presents significant challenges. The present study aims to validate a newly developed convexification method for a 3D…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-02 Thuy Le , Vo Anh Khoa , Michael Victor Klibanov , Loc Hoang Nguyen , Grant Bidney , Vasily Astratov

The Differential Fourier Holography (DFH) gives an exact mathematical solution of the inverse problem of diffraction in the Fraunhofer regime. After the first publication [1] the Differential Fourier Holography was successfully applied in…

Optics · Physics 2016-04-20 Sergey G. Podorov , Eckhart Förster

In this paper, a new model is proposed for the inverse random source scattering problem of the Helmholtz equation with attenuation. The source is assumed to be driven by a fractional Gaussian field whose covariance is represented by a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-11-27 Peijun Li , Xu Wang

We consider the inverse scattering problem for sparse scatterers. An image reconstruction algorithm is proposed that is based on a nonlinear generalization of iterative hard thresholding. The convergence and error of the method was analyzed…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Anna C. Gilbert , Howard W. Levinson , John C. Schotland

A boundary integral equation method for the 3-D Helmholtz equation in multilayered media with many quasi-periodic layers is presented. Compared with conventional quasi-periodic Green's function method, the new method is robust at all…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-29 Bowei Wu , Min Hyung Cho

We explore the oscillatory behavior observed in inversion methods applied to large-scale text-to-image diffusion models, with a focus on the "Flux" model. By employing a fixed-point-inspired iterative approach to invert real-world images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yan Zheng , Zhenxiao Liang , Xiaoyan Cong , Lanqing guo , Yuehao Wang , Peihao Wang , Zhangyang Wang

This paper presents a spatial two-grid (STG) compact difference scheme for a two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear diffusion-wave equation with variable exponent, which describes, e.g., the propagation of mechanical diffusive waves in viscoelastic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Hao Zhang , Kexin Li , Wenlin Qiu

We study an inverse problem for the wave equation where localized wave sources in random scattering media are to be determined from time resolved measurements of the waves at an array of receivers. The sources are far from the array, so the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-07-18 Liliana Borcea , Ilker Kocyigit

We present a multiscale approach for identifying features in ocean beds by solving inverse problems in high frequency seafloor acoustics. The setting is based on Sound Navigation And Ranging (SONAR) imaging used in scientific, commercial,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-05 Bjorn Engquist , Christina Frederick , Quyen Huynh , Haomin Zhou

Inferring seabed topography from wave height observations is fundamental to tsunami hazard assessment, coastal planning, and large scale ocean circulation modeling. Classical inversion models typically rely on direct sensing or optimization…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Aoming Liang , Qi Liu , Weicheng Cui

In this work we consider the method of non-linear boundary integral equation for solving numerically the inverse scattering problem of obliquely incident electromagnetic waves by a penetrable homogeneous cylinder in three dimensions. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-23 Drossos Gintides , Leonidas Mindrinos

We present a new boundary integral formulation for time-harmonic wave diffraction from two-dimensional structures with many layers of arbitrary periodic shape, such as multilayer dielectric gratings in TM polarization. Our scheme is robust…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-06-23 Min Hyung Cho , Alex H. Barnett

In this paper, we propose a deep learning-enhanced multigrid solver for high-frequency and heterogeneous Helmholtz equations. By applying spectral analysis, we categorize the iteration error into characteristic and non-characteristic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-12 Chen Cui , Kai Jiang , Shi Shu

Methods based on diffusion models (DMs) for solving inverse problems (IPs) have recently achieved remarkable performance. However, DM-based methods typically struggle against outliers, which are common in real-world measurements. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Zheng , Jiahua Liu , Tongyao Pang , Wen Li , Zhaoqiang Liu

This work considers a time domain inverse acoustic obstacle scattering problem due to passive data. Motivated by the Helmholtz-Kirchhoff identity in the frequency domain, we propose to relate the time domain measurement data in passive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Xiaoli Liu , Shixu Meng , Jialu Tian , Bo Zhang

Diffusion models are powerful tools for sampling from high-dimensional distributions by progressively transforming pure noise into structured data through a denoising process. When equipped with a guidance mechanism, these models can also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Saeed Mohseni-Sehdeh , Walid Saad , Kei Sakaguchi , Tao Yu

We present a convergent and scalable multigrid solver for high-frequency Helmholtz equations. Standard multigrid methods do not converge for high-frequency Helmholtz problems, and a common cure is adding a complex shift and using the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Rachel Yovel , Eran Treister

We prove a new uniqueness theorem for an inverse scattering problem without the phase information for the 3-D Helmholtz equation. The spatially distributed dielectric constant is the subject of the interest in this problem. We consider the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-01-03 Michael V. Klibanov
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