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A description is provided of the software algorithms developed for the CMS tracker both for reconstructing charged-particle trajectories in proton-proton interactions and for using the resulting tracks to estimate the positions of the LHC…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-10-29 CMS Collaboration

The bremsstrahlung spectra produced by electrons impinging on thick targets are simulated using the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit. Simulations are validated against experimental data available in literature for a range of energy between 0.5…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-04-10 Luciano Pandola , Claudio Andenna , Barbara Caccia

The ATLAS detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be exposed to proton-proton collisions from beams crossing at 40 MHz. At the design luminosity of 10^34 cm^-2 s^-1 there are on average 23 collisions per bunch crossing. A…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-11-18 David Berge

A detailed Monte-Carlo code has been developed from basic principles that simulates almost all of the basic photon and charged particle interactions. The code is used to derive the response functions of a high energy photon detector to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-10-03 Srikanta Sinha

The high-luminosity upgrade of the CERN LHC requires the replacement of the CMS tracking detector to cope with the increased radiation fluence while maintaining its excellent performance. An extensive R\&D program, aiming at using 3D pixel…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-16 The Tracker Group of the CMS Collaboration

The detector must be modeled in the most accurate way when Monte Carlo simulation method is used for efficiency calculation in gamma-ray spectrometric studies. This study aims to investigate the effect of the copper contact pin inside the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-08-08 Esra Uyar

A precision luminosity measurement is essential for LHC cross-section measurements to determine fundamental parameters of the standard model and constrain or discover beyond-the-standard-model phenomena. The luminosity of the CMS detector…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2022-08-18 Angela Giraldi

The MCNP code was used to study the characteristics of gamma radiation field with collimated beam geometry. A close-to-reality simulation model of the facility was used for calculation air-kerma along the whole range of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-02-11 Fei Gao

Topological and kinematical characteristics of hadron interactions have been studied using a lead-emulsion target exposed to 2, 4 and 10 GeV/c hadron beams. A total length of 60 m $\pi^-$ tracks was followed using a high speed automated…

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is designed to study a wide range of high energy physics phenomena. It employs a large all-silicon tracker within a 3.8 T magnetic solenoid, which allows precise…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-10-29 Thomas James

The CMS detector is one of the two general purpose experiments that will study the collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The LHC is supposed to start its operation in 2007 at an instantaneous luminosity of 2 x 10^33 cm-2…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 G. Bruno

A search for new physics in top quark production with additional final-state leptons is performed using data collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV at the LHC during 2016-2018. The data set…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2024-01-04 CMS Collaboration

Monte Carlo simulations are a crucial tool for the analysis and prediction of various background components in liquid xenon (LXe) detectors. With improving shielding in new experiments, the simulation of external backgrounds, such as…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-03-31 S. Bruenner , A. P. Colijn , M. P. Decowski , O. V. Kesber

Detailed understanding and suppression of backgrounds are among the key challenges faced by Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CE\ensuremath{\nu}NS) experiments. The sensitivity of these experiments is largely determined by the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-05-28 Roni Dey , Dipanwita Mondal , Sudipta Das , Varchaswi K. S. Kashyap , Bedangadas Mohanty

The characteristic studies of a Single Mask~(SM) triple Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector are carried out using Ar/CO$_2$ gas mixture in 70/30 volume ratio in continuous flow mode. A Fe$^{55}$ X-ray source is used for this work. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-11-30 S. Chatterjee , A. Sen , S. Das , S. Biswas

The 2009 run provided the first proton-proton collisions from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at center of mass energies of 900 GeV and 2.36 TeV. The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment has recorded a large sample of minimum bias events…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-13 Keith A. Ulmer

A measurement is presented of the flux ratio of positive and negative muons from cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere, using data collected by the CMS detector at ground level and in the underground experimental cavern. The excellent…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2011-04-22 Lars Sonnenschein

The High-Luminosity LHC is expected to deliver proton-proton collisions every 25 ns with an estimated 140-200 pileup interactions per bunch crossing. Ultrafast track finding is vital for handling Level 1 trigger rates in such conditions. An…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-10-16 Andrew Hart

In this paper, we present a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) system for low-background beta radiation measurements. The system consists of a TPC with two-dimensional-strip readout Micromegas and an anti-coincidence detector with readout pads…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-01-01 Ruiyang Zhang , Zhiyong Zhang , Zengxuan Huang , Yong Zhou , Jianbei Liu , Songsong Tang , Yuanfei Cheng , Changqing Feng , Ming Shao , Yi Zhou