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We study the Ramsey number for the 3-path of length three and $n$ colors and show that $R(P^3_3;n)\le \lambda_0 n+7\sqrt{n}$, for some explicit constant $\lambda_0=1.97466\dots$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-28 Tomasz Luczak , Joanna Polcyn

The Ramsey number $R(s,t)$ is the least integer $n$ such that any coloring of the edges of $K_n$ with two colors produces either a monochromatic $K_s$ in one color or a monochromatic $K_t$ in the other. If $s=t$, we say that the Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-23 Bryce Christopherson , Casia Steinhaus

In 1952, J.H.Braun claimed to have established a formula giving a lower bound for certain partitions of sets of integers into weakly sum-free classes. However, no proof or supporting construction was published at that time. In today's…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-08 Fred Rowley

We establish new lower bounds for $28$ classical two and three color Ramsey numbers, and describe the heuristic search procedures we used. Several of the new three color bounds are derived from the two color constructions; specifically, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-21 Geoffrey Exoo , Milos Tatarevic

In 1955, Greenwood and Gleason showed that the Ramsey number R(3, 3, 3) = 17 by constructing an edge-chromatic graph on 16 vertices in three colors with no triangles. Their technique employed finite fields. This same result was obtained…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-23 Carlos E. Frasser

This paper sets out the results of a range of searches for linear and cyclic graph colourings with specific Ramsey properties. The new graphs comprise mainly 'template graphs' which can be used in a construction described by the current…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Fred Rowley

Let (G, +) be an abelian group. A subset of G is sumfree if it contains no elements x, y, z such that x +y = z. We extend this concept by introducing the Schur degree of a subset of G, where Schur degree 1 corresponds to sumfree. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-19 Shalom Eliahou , Pastora Revuelta

Graham, R\"odl, and Ruci\'nski originally posed the problem of determining the minimum number of monochromatic Schur triples that must appear in any 2-coloring of the first $n$ integers. This question was subsequently resolved independently…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Olaf Parczyk , Christoph Spiegel

For integers $k,r\geq 2$, the diagonal Ramsey number $R_r(k)$ is the minimum $N\in\mathbb{N}$ such that every $r$-coloring of the edges of a complete graph on $N$ vertices yields on a monochromatic subgraph on $k$ vertices. Here we make a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-23 Vishal Balaji , Powers Lamb , Andrew Lott , Dhruv Patel , Alex Rice , Sakshi Singh , Christine Rose Ward

For an integer $t \geq 3$, let $\mathcal{L}(t)$ denote the linear equation $x_1 + x_2 + \cdots + x_{t-1} = x_t,$ where all variables are positive integers. For integers $k \geq 1$ and $t_0,t_1,\dots,t_{k-1} \geq 3$, the generalized Schur…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Yanyan Song , Yaping Mao

The Ramsey number r(K_3,Q_n) is the smallest integer N such that every red-blue colouring of the edges of the complete graph K_N contains either a red n-dimensional hypercube, or a blue triangle. Almost thirty years ago, Burr and Erd\H{o}s…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-18 Gonzalo Fiz Pontiveros , Simon Griffiths , Robert Morris , David Saxton , Jozef Skokan

The multicolor Ramsey number $r_k(F)$ of a graph $F$ is the least integer $n$ such that in every coloring of the edges of $K_n$ by $k$ colors there is a monochromatic copy of $F$. In this short note we prove an upper bound on $r_k(F)$ for a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Kathleen Johst , Yury Person

In this work, we investigate the arithmetic properties of $p_{1,7^k}(n)$, which counts 2-color partitions of $n$ where one of the colors appears only in parts that are multiples of $7^k$. By constructing generating functions for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-03 D. S. Gireesh , Shivashankar C. , HemanthKumar B

The Ramsey number $R(k)$ is the minimum $n \in \mathbb{N}$ such that every red-blue colouring of the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ on $n$ vertices contains a monochromatic copy of $K_k$. We prove that \[ R(k) \leqslant (4 -…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Marcelo Campos , Simon Griffiths , Robert Morris , Julian Sahasrabudhe

For $n\geq s> r\geq 1$ and $k\geq 2$, write $n \rightarrow (s)_{k}^r$ if every hyperedge colouring with $k$ colours of the complete $r$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices has a monochromatic subset of size $s$. Improving upon previous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Bruno Jartoux , Chaya Keller , Shakhar Smorodinsky , Yelena Yuditsky

Building upon previous works by Conlon-Ferber and Wigderson, Sawin showed a few years ago that upper bounds on the minimum density of independent sets in a $K_t$-free $G$ can be used to provide lower bounds for multicolor Ramsey numbers. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Marcelo Campos , Cosmin Pohoata

For a set of positive integers $A \subseteq [n]$, an $r$-coloring of $A$ is rainbow sum-free if it contains no rainbow Schur triple. In this paper we initiate the study of the rainbow Erd\H{o}s-Rothchild problem in the context of sum-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-05 Yangyang Cheng , Yifan Jing , Lina Li , Guanghui Wang , Wenling Zhou

We study the structure of red-blue edge colorings of complete graphs, with no copies of the $n$-cycle $C_n$ in red, and no copies of the $n$-wheel $W_n = C_n \ast K_1$ in blue, for an odd integer $n$. Our first main result is that in any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-02 Nicolás Sanhueza

Let $S_{\mathfrak{z}}(k,r)$ be the least positive integer such that for any $r$-coloring $\chi : \{1,2,\dots,S_{\mathfrak{z}}(k,r)\} \longrightarrow \{1, 2, \dots, r\}$, there is a sequence $x_1, x_2, \dots, x_k$ such that $\sum_{i=1}^{k-1}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Erik Metz

Let $P$ denote a 3-uniform hypergraph consisting of 7 vertices $a,b,c,d,e,f,g$ and 3 edges $\{a,b,c\}, \{c,d,e\},$ and $\{e,f,g\}$. It is known that the $r$-colored Ramsey number for $P$ is $R(P;r)=r+6$ for $r=2,3$, and that $R(P;r)\le 3r$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-16 Eliza Jackowska , Joanna Polcyn , Andrzej Ruciński