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The proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and widespread use of devices with sensing, computing, and communication capabilities have motivated intelligent applications empowered by artificial intelligence. The classical artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Zunming Chen , Hongyan Cui , Ensen Wu , Yu Xi

This paper investigates a three-layer IoT-fog-cloud computing system to determine the optimum workload and power allocation at each layer. The objective is to minimize maximum per-layer latency (including both data processing and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-03 Saman Atapattu , Chathuranga Weeraddana , Minhua Ding , Hazer Inaltekin , Jamie Evans

Fog computing integrates cloud and edge resources. According to an intelligent and decentralized method, this technology processes data generated by IoT sensors to seamlessly integrate physical and cyber environments. Internet of Things…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Mohammad Reza Akbari , Hamid Barati , Ali Barati

Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated devices that can be used to allow large-scale collection and analysis of data. However, as it grew, IoT networks were not capable of managing the data from these services. As a result,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Marc Baucas , Petros Spachos

Federated learning (FL) faces significant challenges in Internet of Things (IoT) networks due to device limitations in energy and communication resources, especially when considering the large size of FL models. From an energy perspective,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Rafael Valente da Silva , Onel L. Alcaraz López , Richard Demo Souza

Internet of Things (IoT) aims to bring every object (e.g. smart cameras, wearable, environmental sensors, home appliances, and vehicles) online, hence generating massive amounts of data that can overwhelm storage systems and data analytics…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-06-08 Harshit Gupta , Amir Vahid Dastjerdi , Soumya K. Ghosh , Rajkumar Buyya

Although Federated Learning (FL) is promising to enable collaborative learning among Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) devices, it suffers from the problem of low classification performance due to various heterogeneity factors (e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Chentao Jia , Ming Hu , Zekai Chen , Yanxin Yang , Xiaofei Xie , Yang Liu , Mingsong Chen

As the number of sensors becomes massive in Internet of Things (IoT) networks, the amount of data is humongous. To process data in real-time while protecting user privacy, federated learning (FL) has been regarded as an enabling technique…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jianyang Ren , Wanli Ni , Hui Tian , Gaofeng Nie

Hierarchical Federated Learning (HFL) extends conventional Federated Learning (FL) by introducing intermediate aggregation layers, enabling distributed learning in geographically dispersed environments, particularly relevant for smart IoT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Xiaohong Yang , Minghui Liwang , Liqun Fu , Yuhan Su , Seyyedali Hosseinalipour , Xianbin Wang , Yiguang Hong

The Internet of Things (IoT) aims to connect everyday physical objects to the internet. These objects will produce a significant amount of data. The traditional cloud computing architecture aims to process data in the cloud. As a result, a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Badraddin Alturki , Stephan Reiff-Marganiec , Charith Perera , Suparna De

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning approach that addresses privacy and data transfer costs by computing data at the source. It's particularly popular for Edge and IoT applications where the aggregator server of FL is in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Ahmad Faraz Khan , Yuze Li , Xinran Wang , Sabaat Haroon , Haider Ali , Yue Cheng , Ali R. Butt , Ali Anwar

Federated learning (FL) enables mobile devices to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model while keeping data locally. However, there are two major research challenges to practically deploy FL over mobile devices: (i) frequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Liang Li , Chenpei Huang , Dian Shi , Hao Wang , Xiangwei Zhou , Minglei Shu , Miao Pan

The Internet of Things requires intelligent decision making in many scenarios. To this end, resources available at the individual nodes for sensing or computing, or both, can be leveraged. This results in approaches known as participatory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Alessandro Buratto , Elia Guerra , Marco Miozzo , Paolo Dini , Leonardo Badia

This paper investigates energy-efficient transmission protocols in relay-assisted federated learning (FL) setup within industrial subnetworks, considering latency and power constraints. In the subnetworks, devices collaborate to train a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Hamid Reza Hashempour , Gilberto Berardinelli , Shashi Raj Pandey , Hien Quoc Ngo

In this paper, the problem of energy efficient transmission and computation resource allocation for federated learning (FL) over wireless communication networks is investigated. In the considered model, each user exploits limited local…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Zhaohui Yang , Mingzhe Chen , Walid Saad , Choong Seon Hong , Mohammad Shikh-Bahaei

Federated learning (FL) is an effective solution to train machine learning models on the increasing amount of data generated by IoT devices and smartphones while keeping such data localized. Most previous work on federated learning assumes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Othmane Marfoq , Giovanni Neglia , Laetitia Kameni , Richard Vidal

The rapid expansion of IoT ecosystems introduces severe challenges in scalability, security, and real-time decision-making. Traditional centralized architectures struggle with latency, privacy concerns, and excessive resource consumption,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Yazan Otoum , Arghavan Asad , Amiya Nayak

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning methodology that allows multiple nodes to cooperatively train a deep learning model, without the need to share their local data. It is a promising solution for telemonitoring systems that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Alaa Awad Abdellatif , Naram Mhaisen , Amr Mohamed , Aiman Erbad , Mohsen Guizani , Zaher Dawy , Wassim Nasreddine

Federated learning (FL) enables on-device training over distributed networks consisting of a massive amount of modern smart devices, such as smartphones and IoT (Internet of Things) devices. However, the leading optimization algorithm in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Xin Yao , Tianchi Huang , Chenglei Wu , Rui-Xiao Zhang , Lifeng Sun

The Internet of Things (IoT) is gaining momentum in its quest to bridge the gap between the physical and the digital world. The main goal of the IoT is the creation of smart environments and self-aware things that help to facilitate a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-24 Mohammed M. Alenazi , Barzan A. Yosuf , Sanaa H. Mohamed , Taisir E. H. El-Gorashi , Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani