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Performance of NLP systems is typically evaluated by collecting a large-scale dataset by means of crowd-sourcing to train a data-driven model and evaluate it on a held-out portion of the data. This approach has been shown to suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Viktor Schlegel , Goran Nenadic , Riza Batista-Navarro

Using more test-time computation during language model inference, such as generating more intermediate thoughts or sampling multiple candidate answers, has proven effective in significantly improving model performance. This paper takes an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Xingwu Chen , Miao Lu , Beining Wu , Difan Zou

Text simplification seeks to improve readability while retaining the original content and meaning. Our study investigates whether pre-trained classifiers also maintain such coherence by comparing their predictions on both original and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Miriam Anschütz , Edoardo Mosca , Georg Groh

Several studies have reported the inability of Transformer models to generalize compositionally, a key type of generalization in many NLP tasks such as semantic parsing. In this paper we explore the design space of Transformer models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Santiago Ontañón , Joshua Ainslie , Vaclav Cvicek , Zachary Fisher

We address the task of assessing discourse coherence, an aspect of text quality that is essential for many NLP tasks, such as summarization and language assessment. We propose a hierarchical neural network trained in a multi-task fashion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Youmna Farag , Helen Yannakoudakis

Neural machine translation (MT) models achieve strong results across a variety of settings, but it is widely believed that they are highly sensitive to "noisy" inputs, such as spelling errors, abbreviations, and other formatting issues. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ben Peters , André F. T. Martins

Recent advancements in large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various NLP tasks. But many questions remain, including whether open-source models match closed ones, why these models excel or struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Hao Yu , Zachary Yang , Kellin Pelrine , Jean Francois Godbout , Reihaneh Rabbany

In this paper, to evaluate text coherence, we propose the paragraph ordering task as well as conducting sentence ordering. We collected four distinct corpora from different domains on which we investigate the adaptation of existing sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Sennan Liu , Shuang Zeng , Sujian Li

Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art results, with Large Language Models (LLMs), an evolution of first-generation transformers (1stTR), being considered the cutting edge in several NLP tasks. However, the literature has yet to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Claudio M. V. de Andrade , Washington Cunha , Davi Reis , Adriana Silvina Pagano , Leonardo Rocha , Marcos André Gonçalves

The Transformer is an extremely powerful and prominent deep learning architecture. In this work, we challenge the commonly held belief in deep learning that going deeper is better, and show an alternative design approach that is building…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Jason Ross Brown , Yiren Zhao , Ilia Shumailov , Robert D Mullins

How well can one expect transfer learning to work in a new setting where the domain is shifted, the task is different, and the architecture changes? Many transfer learning metrics have been proposed to answer this question. But how accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Moein Sorkhei , Christos Matsoukas , Johan Fredin Haslum , Emir Konuk , Kevin Smith

There has been significant progress in recent years in the field of Natural Language Processing thanks to the introduction of the Transformer architecture. Current state-of-the-art models, via a large number of parameters and pre-training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Carlos Aspillaga , Andrés Carvallo , Vladimir Araujo

Transformer-based models are now predominant in NLP. They outperform approaches based on static models in many respects. This success has in turn prompted research that reveals a number of biases in the language models generated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Alexander Henlein , Alexander Mehler

Theory of convolutional neural networks suggests the property of shift equivariance, i.e., that a shifted input causes an equally shifted output. In practice, however, this is not always the case. This poses a great problem for scene text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Markus Glitzner , Jan-Hendrik Neudeck , Philipp Härtinger

Large Transformer-based language models are pre-trained on corpora of varying sizes, for a different number of steps and with different batch sizes. At the same time, more fundamental components, such as the pre-training objective or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 M. Aßenmacher , P. Schulze , C. Heumann

We approach the classification problem as an entailment problem and apply zero-shot ranking to socio-political texts. Documents that are ranked at the top can be considered positively classified documents and this reduces the close reading…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Kiymet Akdemir , Ali Hürriyetoğlu

In order to understand the in-context learning phenomenon, recent works have adopted a stylized experimental framework and demonstrated that Transformers can learn gradient-based learning algorithms for various classes of real-valued…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Satwik Bhattamishra , Arkil Patel , Phil Blunsom , Varun Kanade

Behavior of deep neural networks can be inconsistent between different versions. Regressions during model update are a common cause of concern that often over-weigh the benefits in accuracy or efficiency gain. This work focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Yuqing Xie , Yi-an Lai , Yuanjun Xiong , Yi Zhang , Stefano Soatto

The state of the art in machine translation (MT) is governed by neural approaches, which typically provide superior translation accuracy over statistical approaches. However, on the closely related task of word alignment, traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Sarthak Garg , Stephan Peitz , Udhyakumar Nallasamy , Matthias Paulik

Transformers have recently revolutionized many domains in modern machine learning and one salient discovery is their remarkable in-context learning capability, where models can solve an unseen task by utilizing task-specific prompts without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yu Huang , Yuan Cheng , Yingbin Liang