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Desktop accessibility metadata enables AI agents to interpret screens and supports users who depend on tools like screen readers. Yet, many applications remain largely inaccessible due to incomplete or missing metadata provided by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Viktor Muryn , Marta Sumyk , Mariya Hirna , Sofiya Garkot , Maksym Shamrai

The computer programs most users interact with daily are driven by a graphical user interface (GUI). However, many scientific applications are used with a command line interface (CLI) for the ease of development and increased flexibility…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2008-06-03 N. C. Manoukis , E. C. Anderson

Equal access to digital technologies is critical for education, employment, and social participation. However, mainstream interfaces are visually oriented, creating steep learning curves and frequent obstacles for screen reader users, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Nan Chen , Jing Lu , Zilong Wang , Luna K. Qiu , Siming Chen , Yuqing Yang

Understanding user interface (UI) functionality is a useful yet challenging task for both machines and people. In this paper, we investigate a machine learning approach for screen correspondence, which allows reasoning about UIs by mapping…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Jason Wu , Amanda Swearngin , Xiaoyi Zhang , Jeffrey Nichols , Jeffrey P. Bigham

Shoplifting is a growing operational and economic challenge for retailers, with incidents rising and losses increasing despite extensive video surveillance. Continuous human monitoring is infeasible, motivating automated,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Shanle Yao , Narges Rashvand , Armin Danesh Pazho , Hamed Tabkhi

The Graphical User Interface (GUI) plays a critical role in the interaction between users and mobile applications (apps), aiming at facilitating the operation process. However, due to the variety of functions and non-standardized design,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Mengxi Zhang , Huaxiao Liu , Chunyang Chen , Guangyong Gao , Han Li , Jian Zhao

Recent advances in mobile Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents highlight the growing need for comprehensive evaluation benchmarks. While new online benchmarks offer more realistic testing than offline ones, they tend to focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Qinzhuo Wu , Zhizhuo Yang , Hanhao Li , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan

Over 300 million people who live with color vision deficiency (CVD) have a decreased ability to distinguish between colors, limiting their ability to interact with websites and software packages. User interface designers have taken various…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Amaan Jamil , Gyorgy Denes

Dynamically typed programming languages are popular in education and the software industry. While presenting a low barrier to entry, they suffer from run-time type errors and longer-term problems in code quality and maintainability.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Shuai Fu , Tim Dwyer , Peter J. Stuckey , Jackson Wain , Jesse Linossier

Screen user interfaces (UIs) and infographics, sharing similar visual language and design principles, play important roles in human communication and human-machine interaction. We introduce ScreenAI, a vision-language model that specializes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Gilles Baechler , Srinivas Sunkara , Maria Wang , Fedir Zubach , Hassan Mansoor , Vincent Etter , Victor Cărbune , Jason Lin , Jindong Chen , Abhanshu Sharma

GUI testing is significant in the SE community. Most existing frameworks are intrusive and only support some specific platforms. With the development of distinct scenarios, diverse embedded systems or customized operating systems on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Shengcheng Yu , Chunrong Fang , Mingzhe Du , Yuchen Ling , Zhenyu Chen , Zhendong Su

People use mobile devices ubiquitously for computing, communication, storage, web browsing, and more. As a result, the information accessed and stored within mobile devices, such as financial and health information, text messages, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Brian Tang , Kang G. Shin

Touch is one of the most intuitive ways for humans to interact with the world, and as we advance toward a ubiquitous computing environment where technology seamlessly integrates into daily life, natural interaction methods are essential.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Dev Shah

Developers often struggle to navigate an Open Source Software (OSS) project's issue-tracking system and find a suitable task. Proper issue labeling can aid task selection, but current tools are limited to classifying the issues according to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Joseph Vargovich , Fabio Santos , Jacob Penney , Marco A. Gerosa , Igor Steinmacher

Blind people frequently encounter inaccessible dynamic touchscreens in their everyday lives that are difficult, frustrating, and often impossible to use independently. Touchscreens are often the only way to control everything from coffee…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Anhong Guo , Junhan Kong , Michael Rivera , Frank F. Xu , Jeffrey P. Bigham

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) and reinforcement learning (RL) have driven progress in GUI automation. However, most existing methods rely on static, one-shot visual inputs and passive perception, lacking the ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Chen Chen , Jiawei Shao , Dakuan Lu , Haoyi Hu , Xiangcheng Liu , Hantao Yao , Wu Liu

Natural language interfaces (NLIs) enable users to flexibly specify analytical intentions in data visualization. However, diagnosing the visualization results without understanding the underlying generation process is challenging. Our…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Yingchaojie Feng , Xingbo Wang , Bo Pan , Kam Kwai Wong , Yi Ren , Shi Liu , Zihan Yan , Yuxin Ma , Huamin Qu , Wei Chen

With advancements in AI, new gaze estimation methods are exceeding state-of-the-art (SOTA) benchmarks, but their real-world application reveals a gap with commercial eye-tracking solutions. Factors like model size, inference time, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Eduardo Davalos , Yike Zhang , Namrata Srivastava , Yashvitha Thatigotla , Jorge A. Salas , Sara McFadden , Sun-Joo Cho , Amanda Goodwin , Ashwin TS , Gautam Biswas

This paper presents the first empirical study of a vulnerability detection and fix tool with professional software developers on real projects that they own. We implemented DeepVulGuard, an IDE-integrated tool based on state-of-the-art…

Mobile UI understanding is important for enabling various interaction tasks such as UI automation and accessibility. Previous mobile UI modeling often depends on the view hierarchy information of a screen, which directly provides the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Gang Li , Yang Li