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Recent observations of rapidly-rotating cool dwarfs have revealed H$\alpha$ line asymmetries indicative of clumps of cool, dense plasma in the stars' coronae. These clumps may be either long-lived (persisting for more than one stellar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-11 Simon Daley-Yates , Moira M. Jardine , Craig D. Johnston

Context: Thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) produces several observables that can be used to constrain the spatial and temporal distribution of solar coronal heating. Its manifestations include prominence formation, coronal rain, and long-period…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-09 Gabriel Pelouze , Frédéric Auchère , Karine Bocchialini , Clara Froment , Zoran Mikić , Elie Soubrié , Alfred Voyeux

The quiescent or dynamic nature of fine scale ray-like features in the sun corona, observed in visible light, is still an open question. Here, we show that most of daily and hourly periodic variations in visible light brightness of the high…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-16 Nathalia Alzate , Simone Di Matteo

A model for the solar coronal magnetic field is proposed where multiple directed loops evolve in space and time. Loops injected at small scales are anchored by footpoints of opposite polarity moving randomly on a surface. Nearby footpoints…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 D. Hughes , M. Paczuski , R. O. Dendy , P. Helander , K. G. McClements

Context: Transverse loop oscillations and loop contractions are commonly associated with solar flares, but the two types of motion have traditionally been regarded as separate phenomena. Aims: We present an observation of coronal loops…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-26 Alexander J. B. Russell , Paulos J. A. Simoes , Lyndsay Fletcher

Studying coronal rain formation through thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) and thermal instability (TI) provides insights into coronal heating mechanisms. We analysed a quiescent coronal rain event using space-based observations from the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-08 Jamal Wachira , Patrick Antolin

Coronal rain is the most dramatic cooling phenomenon of the solar corona and an essential diagnostic tool for the coronal heating properties. A puzzling feature of the solar corona, besides the heating, is its EUV filamentary structure and…

Context: Many previous studies have shown that the magnetic precursor of a coronal mass ejection (CME) takes the form of a magnetic flux rope, and a subset of them have become known as `hot flux ropes' due to their emission signatures in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-04 Alexander W James , Lucie M Green , Lidia van Driel-Gesztelyi , Gherardo Valori

Post-flare arcades are well-known components of solar flare evolution, which have been observed for several decades. Coronal rain, cascades of catastrophically-cooled plasma, outline the loops and provide eye-catching evidence of the recent…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-09 Emily I. Mason , Kara L. Kniezewski

We review major achievements in our understanding of multiphase coronal plasma, where cool-dense and hot-tenuous matter coexists, brought about by advances in modeling and theory, inspired by observations. We give an overview of models that…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-30 Rony Keppens , Yuhao Zhou , Chun Xia

Recent observations of the solar atmosphere in cool extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lines have reported the prevalence of coronal rain falling from coronal cloud filaments that are associated with the magnetic dips of coronal X-point structures.…

Magnetic reconnection at the interface between coronal holes and loops, so-called interchange reconnection, can release the hotter, denser plasma from magnetically confined regions into the heliosphere, contributing to the formation of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 A. F. Rappazzo , W. H. Matthaeus , D. Ruffolo , S. Servidio , M. Velli

The mass cycle of solar prominences or filaments is still not completely understood. Researchers agree that these dense structures form by coronal in-situ condensations and plasma siphoning from the underlying chromosphere. In the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-31 Dion Donné , Rony Keppens

We review the coronal visible and infrared lines, collecting previous observations, and comparing, whenever available, observed radiances with those predicted by various models: the quiet Sun, a moderately active Sun, and an active region…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-10 Giulio Del Zanna , Edward E. DeLuca

Coronal loops interconnecting two active regions, called as interconnecting loops (ILs), are prominent large-scale structures in the solar atmosphere. They carry a significant amount of magnetic flux, therefore are considered to be an…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-27 Guohui Du , Yao Chen , Chunming Zhu , Chang Liu , Lili Ge , Bing Wang , Chuanyang Li , Haimin Wang

Observations of active regions and limb prominences often show cold, dense blobs descending with an acceleration smaller than that of free fall. The dynamics of these condensations falling in the solar corona is investigated in this paper…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-03 R. Oliver , R. Soler , J. Terradas , T. V. Zaqarashvili , M. L. Khodachenko

There has been a long-lasting debate on the question of whether or not electric currents in solar active regions are neutralized. That is, whether or not the main (or direct) coronal currents connecting the active region polarities are…

Chromospheric evaporation (CE) and coronal rain (CR) represent two crucial phenomena encompassing the circulation of mass and energy during solar flares. While CE marks the start of the hot inflow into the flaring loop, CR marks the end,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-05 Seray Sahin , Patrick Antolin

We study broad red-shifted emission in chromospheric and transition region lines that appears to correspond to a form of post-flare coronal rain. Profiles of Mg II, C II and Si IV lines were obtained using the IRIS instrument before, during…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-02 Daniela Lacatus , Philip Judge , Alina Donea

Coronal holes (CH) emit significantly less at coronal temperatures than quiet-Sun regions (QS), but can hardly be distinguished in most chromospheric and lower transition region lines. A key quantity for the understanding of this phenomenon…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 T. Wiegelmann , S. K. Solanki