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In this paper, a theoretical approach, comprising the non-equilibrium Green's function method for electronic transport and Landau-Khalatnikov equation for electric polarization dynamics, is presented to describe polarization-dependent…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-02-15 Sou-Chi Chang , Azad Naeemi , Dmitri E. Nikonov , Alexei Gruverman

Ferroelectric tunnel junctions, in which ferroelectric polarization and quantum tunneling are closely coupled to induce the tunneling electroresistance (TER) effect, have attracted considerable interest due to their potential in…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-06-11 Xin-Wei Shen , Yue-Wen Fang , Bo-Bo Tian , Chun-Gang Duan

Multiferroic tunnel junctions (MFTJs) based on two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures with sharp and clean interfaces at the atomic scale are crucial for applications in nanoscale multi-resistive logic memory devices. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-24 Xinlong Dong , Xuemin Shen , Xiaowen Sun , Yuhao Bai , Zhi Yan , Xiaohong Xu

The human brain achieves exceptional energy efficiency by co-locating memory and processing, yet reproducing this principle in hardware remains challenging because many neuromorphic devices require standby power, offer limited…

We consider a new type of magnetic tunnel junction, which consists of two ferromagnetic tunnel barriers acting as spin filters (SFs), separated by a nonmagnetic metal (NM) layer. Using the transfer matrix method and the free-electron…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alireza Saffarzadeh

Nanoscale ferroelectrics that can be integrated into microelectronic fabrication processes are highly desirable for low-power computing and non-volatile memory devices. However, scalable novel ferroelectric materials, such as hafnium oxide…

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are crucial components in high-performance spintronic devices. Traditional MTJs rely on ferromagnetic (FM) materials but significant improvements in speed and packing density could be enabled by exploiting…

The electrically readable complex dynamics of robust and scalable magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) offer promising opportunities for advancing neuromorphic computing. In this work, we present an MTJ design with a free layer and two…

Neuromorphic computing architectures enable the dense co-location of memory and processing elements within a single circuit. This co-location removes the communication bottleneck of transferring data between separate memory and computing…

Ferroelectric HfO2 is a promising candidate for next-generation memory devices due to its CMOS compatibility and ability to retain polarization at nanometer scales. However, the polar orthorhombic phase (Pca2_1) responsible for…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-27 Jian Huang , Gwan Yeong Jung , Pravan Omprakash , Guodong Ren , Xin Li , Du Li , Xiaoshan Xu , Li Yang , Rohan Mishra

Josephson junctions containing ferromagnetic materials have attracted intense interest both because of their unusual physical properties and because they have potential application for cryogenic memory. There are two ways to store…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-04-22 Norman O. Birge , Alexander E. Madden , Ofer Naaman

It has been indicated that the path forward for the widespread usage of ferroelectric (FE) materials may be considerably facilitated through the reduction of programming voltages to on-chip logic compatible values of < 1 V. Obstacles…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 S. Natani , P. Khajanji , L. Cheng , K. Eshraghi , Z. Zhang , W. Shipley , A. Tao , P. R. Bandaru

Magnetic materials that possess large bulk perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are essential for the development of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) used in future spintronic memory and logic devices. The addition of an…

Magnetic skyrmion-based data storage and unconventional computing devices have gained increasing attention due to their topological protection, small size, and low driving current. However, skyrmion creation, deletion, and motion are still…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-01-11 Aijaz H. Lone , Arnab Ganguly , Selma Amara , Gobind Das , H. Fariborzi

We have fabricated nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with an additional fixed magnetic layer added above the magnetic free layer of a standard MTJ structure. This acts as a second source of spin-polarized electrons that, depending…

Hafnia (HfO$_2$)-based thin films have promising applications in nanoscale electronic devices due to their robust ferroelectricity and integration with silicon. However, HfO$_2$ has various stable and metastable polymorphs with quite…

Insertion of layers displaying field-induced metal-to-insulator (M/I) transition in ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) has received attention as a potentially useful way to enlarge junction tunnel electroresistance (TER). Half-doped…

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are key elements in practical spintronics, enabling not only conventional tasks such as data storage, transmission, and processing but also the implementation of compute-in-memory processing elements,…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-09 Maksim Stebliy , Alex Jenkins , Luana Benetti , Ricardo Ferreira

The tunneling electroresistance (TER) for ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) with BaTiO_{3} (BTO) and PbTiO}_{3} (PTO) barriers is calculated by combining the microscopic electronic structure of the barrier material with a macroscopic…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-12-17 N. F. Hinsche , M. Fechner , P. Bose , S. Ostanin , J. Henk , I. Mertig , P. Zahn

Hafnium dioxide (HfO2) is a promising ferroelectric (FE) material for achieving high-density nonvolatile memory and neuromorphic computing, due to its compatibility with the mainstream integrated circuit technology and the surprisingly…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-16 Guo-Dong Zhao , Xingen Liu , Wei Ren , Xiaona Zhu , Shaofeng Yu