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The research on supercurrent diodes has surged rapidly due to their potential applications in electronic circuits at cryogenic temperatures. To unlock this functionality, it is essential to find supercurrent diodes that can work…

The Josephson effect is one of the most studied macroscopic quantum phenomena in condensed matter physics and has been an essential part of the quantum technologies development over the last decades. It is already used in many applications…

Supercurrent field-effect transistors made from thin metallic films are a promising option for next-generation high-performance computation platforms. Despite extensive research, there is still no complete quantitative microscopic…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-05-29 Alessio Zaccone , Giovanni A. Ummarino , Alessandro Braggio , Francesco Giazotto

We present an extensive experimental and theoretical study of the proximity effect in InAs nanowires connected to superconducting electrodes. We fabricate and investigate devices with suspended gate-controlled nanowires and nonsuspended…

A superconductor-normal metal-superconductor mesoscopic Josephson junction has been realized in which the critical current is tuned through normal current injection using a symmetric electron cooler directly connected to the weak link. Both…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. M. Savin , J. P. Pekola , J. T. Flyktman , A. Anthore , F. Giazotto

We report a gate-tunable Josephson diode effect in hybrid nanowire junctions consisting of a spin-orbit-coupled semiconductor core coated with epitaxial ferromagnetic insulator and superconductor shells. The wires display a hysteretic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Sjoerd Telkamp , Junting Zhao , Saulius Vaitiekėnas

The Josephson junction is typically tuned by a magnetic field or electrostatic gates to realize a superconducting transistor, which manipulates the supercurrent in integrated superconducting circuits. However, this tunable method does not…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Guo-Jian Qiao , Zhi-Lei Zhang , Sheng-Wen Li , C. P. Sun

Fast cryogenic switches with ultra-low power dissipation are highly sought-after for control electronics of quantum computers, space applications and next generation logic circuits. However, existing high-frequency switches are often bulky,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2021-06-08 M. F. Ritter , A. Fuhrer , D. Z. Haxell , S. Hart , P. Gumann , H. Riel , F. Nichele

Superconducting thin metallic films, functioning as supercurrent gate-tunable transistors, have considerable potential for future quantum electronic devices. Despite extensive research, a comprehensive microscopic quantitative mechanism…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-10-21 Giovanni Alberto Ummarino , Alessio Zaccone , Alessandro Braggio , Francesco Giazotto

Ionic gating is a powerful technique to realize field-effect transistors (FETs) enabling experiments not possible otherwise. So far, ionic gating has relied on the use of top-electrolyte gates, which pose experimental constraints and make…

Graphene is an attractive electrode material to contact nanostructures down to the molecular scale since it can be gated electrostatically. Gating can be used to control the doping and the energy level alignment in the nanojunction, thereby…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 Nick R. Papior , Tue Gunst , Daniele Stradi , Mads Brandbyge

Superconductor-to-metal transition with magnetic field and gate-voltage is studied in a Josephson junction array comprising of randomly distributed lead islands on exfoliated single-layer graphene with a back-gate. The low magnetic-field…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-08-27 Suraina Gupta , Santu Prasad Jana , Rukshana Pervin , Anjan K. Gupta

High performance enhancement mode semiconducting carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) are obtained by combining ohmic metal-tube contacts, high dielectric constant HfO2 films as gate insulators, and electrostatically doped…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 Ali Javey , Jing Guo , Damon B. Farmer , Qian Wang , Dunwei Wang , Roy G. Gordon , Mark Lundstrom , Hongjie Dai

Introduction of a Josephson field effect transistor (JoFET) concept sparked active research on proximity effects in semiconductors. Induced superconductivity and electrostatic control of critical current has been demonstrated in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-26 Zhong Wan , Aleksandr Kazakov , Michael J. Manfra , Loren N. Pfeiffer , Ken W. West , Leonid P. Rokhinson

Recent breakthroughs in Josephson diodes dangle the possibility of extending conventional non-reciprocal electronics into the realm of superconductivity. While a strong magnetic field is recognized for enhancing diode efficiency, it…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Pei-Hao Fu , Yong Xu , Shengyuan A. Yang , Ching Hua Lee , Yee Sin Ang , Jun-Feng Liu

Motivated by recent experiments reporting the suppression of the critical current in superconducting Dayem bridges by the application of strong electrostatic fields, in this work we study the impact on the superconducting gap of charge…

Superconductivity · Physics 2021-05-26 Luca Chirolli , Tommaso Cea , Francesco Giazotto

Nanoscale superconductor-semiconductor hybrid devices are assembled from InAs semiconductor nanowires individually contacted by aluminum-based superconductor electrodes. Below 1 K, the high transparency of the contacts gives rise to…

The Josephson effect is a fundamental quantum phenomenon consisting in the appearance of a dissipationless supercurrent in a weak link between two superconducting (S) electrodes. While the mechanism leading to the Josephson effect is quite…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-04-13 J. Paajaste , E. Strambini , M. Amado , S. Roddaro , P. San-Jose , R. Aguado , F. S. Bergeret , D. Ercolani , L. Sorba , F. Giazotto

The perpendicular critical fields of a superconducting film have been strongly enhanced by using a nanoengineered lattice of magnetic dots (dipoles) on top of the film. Magnetic-field-induced superconductivity is observed in these hybrid…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-07 M. Lange , M. J. Van Bael , Y. Bruynseraede , V. V. Moshchalkov

The combination of superconducting and magnetic materials to create novel superconducting devices has been motivated by the discovery of Josephson critical current (Ics) oscillations as a function of magnetic layer thickness and the…