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Relational Quantum Mechanics (RQM) is an interpretation of quantum theory based on the idea of abolishing the notion of absolute states of systems, in favor of states of systems relative to other systems. Such a move is claimed to solve the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-13 R. Muciño , E. Okon , D. Sudarsky

The relational approach to quantum states asserts that the physical description of quantum systems is always relative to something or someone. In relational quantum mechanics (RQM) it is relative to other quantum systems, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-09 Časlav Brukner

The relational interpretation (or RQM, for Relational Quantum Mechanics) solves the measurement problem by considering an ontology of sparse relative events, or "facts". Facts are realized in interactions between any two physical systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Carlo Rovelli

Relational quantum mechanics (RQM) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics based on the idea that quantum states describe not an absolute property of a system but rather a relationship between systems. In this article, we observe that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-15 Emily Adlam , Carlo Rovelli

Relational Quantum Mechanics (RQM) claims to be an interpretation of quantum theory [see arXiv:2109.09170, which appears in the Oxford Handbook of the History of Interpretation of Quantum Physics]. However, there are significant departures…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Jay Lawrence , Marcin Markiewicz , Marek Żukowski

The Rovelli relational interpretation of quantum mechanics (RQM) is based on the assumption according to which the notion of observer-independent state of a physical system is to be rejected. In RQM the primary target of the theory is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-23 Federico Laudisa

Relational Quantum Mechanics (RQM) treats quantum states as observer-dependent facts rather than absolute properties. While this relational stance is conceptually attractive, it raises concerns about empirical confirmation, particularly in…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Bethany Terris

The present essay provides a new metaphysical interpretation of Relational Quantum Mechanics (RQM) in terms of mereological bundle theory. The essential idea is to claim that a physical system in RQM can be defined as a mereological fusion…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Andrea Oldofredi

The idea that the dynamical properties of quantum systems are invariably relative to other systems has recently regained currency. Using Relational Quantum Mechanics (RQM) for a case study, this paper calls attention to a question that has…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Timotheus Riedel

Measurement is an important scientific activity. In most of science, including classical physics, is may be understood as a way of finding out about the physical world and representing the results numerically. No-go theorems show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Richard Healey

Quantum mechanics has transformed our understanding of reality, yet deep philosophical puzzles remain unresolved. Is there a consistent way to describe quantum measurement, the emergence of space and time, and the role of observers within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Arash E. Zaghi

The relational interpretation of quantum mechanics (RQM), introduced in its present form by Carlo Rovelli in 1996, involves a number of significant departures from other QM interpretations widely discussed in the literature. We begin here…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-05-19 Gary Gordon

We offer a fresh perspective on the relational interpretation of quantum mechanics as a way of thinking about the world described by quantum theory based on quantifiable notions of information. This allows us to provide a definition of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Andrea Di Biagio , Carlo Rovelli

The relational interpretation of quantum mechanics (RQM) has received a growing interest since its first formulation in 1996. Usually presented as an interpretational layer over the usual quantum mechanics formalism, it appears as a…

This paper discusses the question of Stable Facts in Relational Quantum Mechanics. I examine how the approach to quantum logic in the consistent histories formalism can be used to clarify what information about a system can be shared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Calum J. Robson

This paper discusses the possibility of temporal generation of events in relational quantum mechanics (RQM). It critically examines claims by Adlam and Rovelli that the events in RQM must have been created all-at-once in order to avoid a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-01 Pablo Toussaint

Quantum theory can be understood as pointing to an ontology of relations. I observe that this reading of quantum mechanics is supported by the ubiquity of relationality in contemporary fundamental physics, including in classical mechanics,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Francesca Vidotto

A realist interpretation of quantum mechanics is proposed - Contextual Quantum Realism (CQR) - according to which there exists a categorical distinction between the ideal (theory, observation instrument) and the real (quantum physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Francois-Igor Pris

In this paper, we show that Quantum Mechanics does not admit ontological models, in the sense that the quantum state of a system cannot correspond to a set of physical states representing the independent reality of the system. We show, via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-13 Tung Ten Yong

What is the quantum system? Consider the wavefunction of the electron, what we call single particle wave-function and assume that it contains N wave packets. If we pass all the wave packets through an electric field, all are deflected, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-14 Sofia Wechsler
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