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The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is designed to run on a gate model quantum computer and has shallow depth. It takes as input a combinatorial optimization problem and outputs a string that satisfies a high fraction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-22 Edward Farhi , Aram W Harrow

Proactive intent prediction is a critical capability in modern e-commerce chatbots, enabling "zero-query" recommendations by anticipating user needs from behavioral and contextual signals. However, existing industrial systems face two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Junhua Liu , Yang Jihao , Cheng Chang , Kunrong LI , Bin Fu , Kwan Hui Lim

There are a huge number of problems, from various areas, being solved by reducing them to SAT. However, for many applications, translation into SAT is performed by specialized, problem-specific tools. In this paper we describe a new system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Predrag Janicic

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as the key driver for post-training complex reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs), yet online RL introduces significant instability and computational overhead. Offline RL offers a compelling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Minjae Oh , Yunho Choi , Dongmin Choi , Yohan Jo

We give solutions to two fundamental computational problems in ontology-based data access with the W3C standard ontology language OWL 2 QL: the succinctness problem for first-order rewritings of ontology-mediated queries (OMQs), and the…

Responding to the thousands of student questions on online QA platforms each semester has a considerable human cost, particularly in computing courses with rapidly growing enrollments. To address the challenges of scalable and intelligent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Yann Hicke , Anmol Agarwal , Qianou Ma , Paul Denny

Our concern is the overhead of answering OWL 2 QL ontology-mediated queries (OMQs) in ontology-based data access compared to evaluating their underlying tree-shaped and bounded treewidth conjunctive queries (CQs). We show that OMQs with…

The class of tree-adjoining languages can be characterized by various two-level formalisms, consisting of a context-free grammar (CFG) or pushdown automaton (PDA) controlling another CFG or PDA. These four formalisms are equivalent to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Alexandra Butoi , Tim Vieira , Ryan Cotterell , David Chiang

The Credal semantics is a probabilistic extension of the answer set semantics which can be applied to programs that may or may not be stratified. It assigns to atoms a set of acceptable probability distributions characterised by its lower…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-05-25 David Tuckey , Alessandra Russo , Krysia Broda

Answering complex queries on incomplete knowledge graphs is a challenging task where a model needs to answer complex logical queries in the presence of missing knowledge. Prior work in the literature has proposed to address this problem by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Erik Arakelyan , Pasquale Minervini , Daniel Daza , Michael Cochez , Isabelle Augenstein

State-of-the-art extractive question-answering models achieve superhuman performances on the SQuAD benchmark. Yet, they are unreasonably heavy and need expensive GPU computing to answer questions in a reasonable time. Thus, they cannot be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Sofian Chaybouti , Achraf Saghe , Aymen Shabou

Complex Query Answering (CQA) is a crucial reasoning task over Knowledge Graphs (KGs), which aims to answer first-order logical queries from incomplete KGs. While existing neural-symbolic methods achieve strong performance, they face…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weizhi Fei , Zihao Wang , hang Yin , Shukai Zhao , Wei Zhang , Yangqiu Song

Ontology-based data access (OBDA) is a popular approach for integrating and querying multiple data sources by means of a shared ontology. The ontology is linked to the sources using mappings, which assign views over the data to ontology…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-22 Charalampos Nikolaou , Egor V. Kostylev , George Konstantinidis , Mark Kaminski , Bernardo Cuenca Grau , Ian Horrocks

Question answering (QA) over tables and text has gained much popularity over the years. Multi-hop table-text QA requires multiple hops between the table and text, making it a challenging QA task. Although several works have attempted to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Jayetri Bardhan , Bushi Xiao , Daisy Zhe Wang

We introduce ontology-mediated planning, in which planning problems are combined with an ontology. Our formalism differs from existing ones in that we focus on a strong separation of the formalisms for describing planning problems and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Tobias John , Patrick Koopmann

This thesis concerns the implementation of Lambda Prolog, a higher-order logic programming language that supports the lambda-tree syntax approach to representing and manipulating formal syntactic objects. Lambda Prolog achieves its…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2009-11-30 Xiaochu Qi

We study confidentiality enforcement in ontologies under the Controlled Query Evaluation framework, where a policy specifies the sensitive information and a censor ensures that query answers that may compromise the policy are not returned.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-04-27 Bernardo Cuenca Grau , Evgeny Kharlamov , Egor V. Kostylev , Dmitriy Zheleznyakov

Existing question answering (QA) systems owe much of their success to large, high-quality training data. Such annotation efforts are costly, and the difficulty compounds in the cross-lingual setting. Therefore, prior cross-lingual QA work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Bryan Li , Chris Callison-Burch

The reachability problem in multi-pushdown automata (MPDA) has many applications in static analysis of recursive programs. An example is safety verification of multi-threaded recursive programs with shared memory. Since these problems are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-05 C. Aiswarya , Pascal Baumann , Prakash Saivasan , Lia Schütze , Georg Zetzsche

Regression testing is key in verifying that software works correctly after changes. However, running the entire regression test suite can be impractical and expensive, especially for large-scale systems. Test suite optimization methods are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Antonio Trovato , Martin Beseda , Dario Di Nucci