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Related papers: De Finetti for mathematics undergraduates

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We present a short proof of the central limit theorem which is elementary in the sense that no knowledge of characteristic functions, linear operators, or other advanced results are needed. Our proof is based on Lindeberg's trick of…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Calvin Wooyoung Chin

This paper gives a complete proof of a theorem of de Bruijn that classifies additive systems for the nonnegative integers, that is, families $\mca = (A_i)_{i\in I}$ of sets of nonnegative integers, each set containing 0, such that every…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-01-03 Melvyn B. Nathanson

We first partly develop a mathematical notion of stable consistency intended to reflect the actual consistency property of human beings. Then we give a generalization of the first and second G\"odel incompleteness theorem to stably…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Yasha Savelyev

We model voting behaviour in the multi-group setting of a two-tier voting system using sequences of de Finetti measures. Our model is defined by using the de Finetti representation of a probability measure (i.e. as a mixture of…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Gabor Toth

The well-founded semantics is one of the most widely studied and used semantics of logic programs with negation. In the case of finite propositional programs, it can be computed in polynomial time, more specifically, in O(|At(P)|size(P))…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Zbigniew Lonc , Miroslaw Truszczynski

This is the text of an expository talk given at the May 1997 Detroit meeting of the American Mathematical Society. It is a tale of a famous football player and a subtle problem he posed about the uniform convergence of Dirichlet series.…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Harold P. Boas

The problem of induction has persisted since Hume exposed the logical gap between repeated observation and universal inference. Traditional attempts to resolve it have oscillated between two extremes: the probabilistic optimism of Laplace…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-11-06 Tommaso Costa

The purpose of this note is to prove the existence of a randomized mechanism, a social decision scheme (SDS), with desirable fairness, efficiency, and strategyproofness properties unmatched by all known SDSs. In particular, we disprove a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-27 Florian Brandl

We study stochastic team (known also as decentralized stochastic control or identical interest stochastic dynamic game) problems with large or countably infinite number of decision makers, and characterize existence and structural…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-08 Sina Sanjari , Naci Saldi , Serdar Yüksel

We present a novel analogue for finite exchangeable sequences of the de Finetti, Hewitt and Savage theorem and investigate its implications for multi-marginal optimal transport (MMOT) and Bayesian statistics. If $(Z_1,...,Z_N)$ is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-18 Guillaume Carlier , Gero Friesecke , Daniela Vögler

We generalize, by a progressive procedure, the notions of conjunction and disjunction of two conditional events to the case of $n$ conditional events. In our coherence-based approach, conjunctions and disjunctions are suitable conditional…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-27 Angelo Gilio , Giuseppe Sanfilippo

In the modern Bayesian view classical probability theory is simply an extension of conventional logic, i.e., a quantitative tool that allows for consistent reasoning in the presence of uncertainty. Classical theory presupposes, however,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-20 Jochen Rau

A strong direct product theorem states that if we want to compute $k$ independent instances of a function, using less than $k$ times the resources needed for one instance, then the overall success probability will be exponentially small in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-04-12 Hartmut Klauck

In this work, we develop a formal system of inductive logic. It uses an infinitary language that allows for countable conjunctions and disjunctions. It is based on a set of nine syntactic rules of inductive inference, and contains classical…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Jason Swanson

G\"odel's first and second incompleteness theorems are corner stones of modern mathematics. In this article we present a new proof of these theorems for ZFC and theories containing ZFC, using Chaitin's incompleteness theorem and a very…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-02-20 David O. Zisselman

In this article we will introduce a central problem in additive combinatorics, which arised from the famous van der Waerden theorem and an early conjecture of Erd\H{o}s and Tur\'{a}n. The first important theorem was due to Roth in 1953.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Weiwen Zhang

In this PhD thesis the ancient question of determinism ('Does every event have a cause ?') will be re-examined. In the philosophy of science and physics communities the orthodox position states that the physical world is indeterministic:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-04 Louis Vervoort

This is a survey and research note on the modified Orlik conjecture derived from the division theorem introduced in [2]. The division theorem is a generalization of classical addition-deletion theorems for free arrangements. The division…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2016-03-15 Takuro Abe

Cohen's first model is a model of Zermelo--Fraenkel set theory in which there is a Dedekind-finite set of real numbers, and it is perhaps the most famous model where the Axiom of Choice fails. We force over this model to add a function from…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-10-05 Asaf Karagila , Philipp Schlicht

The main motivation for this article is to explore the connections between the existence of certain combinatorial patterns (as in van der Corputs's theorem on arithmetic progressions of length $3$) with well-known tools and theorems for…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-03-18 Amador Martin-Pizarro , Daniel Palacín