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Cell-free networks are considered as a promising distributed network architecture to satisfy the increasing number of users and high rate expectations in beyond-5G systems. However, to further enhance network capacity, an increasing number…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Shaocheng Huang , Yu Ye , Ming Xiao , H. Vincent Poor , Mikael Skoglund

Cell-free Massive MIMO is considered as a promising technology for satisfying the increasing number of users and high rate expectations in beyond-5G networks. The key idea is to let many distributed access points (APs) communicate with all…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

To meet the unprecedented mobile traffic demands of future wireless networks, a paradigm shift from conventional cellular networks to distributed communication systems is imperative. Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Mohammadali Mohammadi , Zahra Mobini , Hien Quoc Ngo , Michail Matthaiou

Recently, the so-called cell-free (CF) Massive MIMO architecture has been introduced, wherein a very large number of distributed access points (APs) simultaneously and jointly serve a much smaller number of mobile stations (MSs). The paper…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-07 Stefano Buzzi , Carmen D'Andrea , Alessio Zappone

This letter develops an optimum beamforming method for downlink transmissions in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which employ a massive number of distributed access points to provide concurrent services to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-11 Andong Zhou , Jingxian Wu , Erik G. Larsson , Pingzhi Fan

This paper studies learning-based decentralized power control methods for cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems where a central processor (CP) controls access points (APs) through fronthaul coordination. To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Daesung Yu , Hoon Lee , Seung-Eun Hong , Seok-Hwan Park

In this paper we consider a time-division duplex cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system where many distributed access points (APs) simultaneously serve many users. A normalized conjugate beamforming scheme, which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Giovanni Interdonato , Hien Quoc Ngo , Erik G. Larsson , Pål Frenger

A Cell-Free Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) system comprises a very large number of distributed access points (APs)which simultaneously serve a much smaller number of users over the same time/frequency resources based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Hien Quoc Ngo , Alexei Ashikhmin , Hong Yang , Erik G. Larsson , Thomas L. Marzetta

The emergence of new wireless technologies together with the requirement of massive connectivity results in several technical issues such as excessive interference, high computational demand for signal processing, and lengthy processing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-25 Firas Fredj , Yasser Al-Eryani , Setareh Maghsudi , Mohamed Akrout , Ekram Hossain

Traditional cellular networks struggle with poor quality of service (QoS) for cell-edge users, while cell-free (CF) systems offer uniform QoS but incur high roll-out costs due to acquiring numerous access point (AP) sites and deploying a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Wei Jiang , Hans D. Schotten

In a cell-free wireless network, distributed access points (APs) jointly serve all user equipments (UEs) within the their coverage area by using the same time/frequency resources. In this paper, we develop a novel downlink cell-free…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Yasser Al-Eryani , Ekram Hossain

In this paper, we consider power allocation and antenna activation of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CFmMIMO) systems. We first derive closed-form expressions for the system spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Phuong Nam Tran , Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Hien Quoc Ngo , Markku Juntti

Cell-free Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) refers to a distributed Massive MIMO system where all the access points (APs) cooperate to coherently serve all the user equipments (UEs), suppress inter-cell interference and mitigate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Giovanni Interdonato , Hien Quoc Ngo , Pål Frenger , Erik G. Larsson

The conventional digital beamforming technique needs one radio frequency (RF) chain per antenna element. High power consumption, significantly high cost of RF chain components per antenna and complex signal processing task at base band…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-25 Om Nath Acharya , Ram Kaji Budhathoki , Santosh Shaha

Hybrid beamforming is a promising technology to improve the energy efficiency of massive MIMO systems. In particular, subarray hybrid beamforming can further decrease power consumption by reducing the number of phase-shifters. However,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Hamed Hojatian , Jérémy Nadal , Jean-François Frigon , François Leduc-Primeau

We consider a two-way half-duplex decode-and-forward (DF) relaying system with multiple pairs of single-antenna users assisted by a cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) architecture with multiple-antenna access…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Anastasios K. Papazafeiropoulos , Pandelis Kourtessis , Symeon Chatzinotas , John M. Senior

In the sixth-generation (6G) cellular networks, hybrid beamforming would be a real-time optimization problem that is becoming progressively more challenging. Although numerical computation-based iterative methods such as the minimal mean…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-27 Rafid Umayer Murshed , Zulqarnain Bin Ashraf , Abu Horaira Hridhon , Kumudu Munasinghe , Abbas Jamalipour , MD. Farhad Hossain

This paper studies optimal joint beamforming (BF) for joint sensing and communication (JSAC) in small-scale cell-free MIMO (CF-MIMO) systems. While prior works have explored JSAC optimization using methods such as successive convex…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Xi Ding , Luca Kunz , E. Jorswieck

In the cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF mMIMO) system, the centralized transmission scheme is widely adopted to manage the inter-user interference. Unfortunately, its implementation is limited by the extensive signaling…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-02 Hongkang Yu , Xinquan Ye , Yijian Chen

In this paper, we propose a novel deep unsupervised learning-based approach that jointly optimizes antenna selection and hybrid beamforming to improve the hardware and spectral efficiencies of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-24 Zhiyan Liu , Yuwen Yang , Feifei Gao , Ting Zhou , Hongbing Ma