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Spoken Language Models (SLMs) aim to learn linguistic competence directly from speech using discrete units, widening access to Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies for languages with limited written resources. However, progress…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Adel Moumen , Guangzhi Sun , Philip C. Woodland

While cross-lingual word embeddings have been studied extensively in recent years, the qualitative differences between the different algorithms remain vague. We observe that whether or not an algorithm uses a particular feature set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Omer Levy , Anders Søgaard , Yoav Goldberg

This position paper argues that text embedding research should move beyond surface meaning and embrace implicit semantics as a central modeling objective. Text embeddings are a foundational component of modern NLP, underpinning a wide range…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yiqun Sun , Qiang Huang , Anthony K. H. Tung , Jun Yu

Contextual language models (CLMs) have pushed the NLP benchmarks to a new height. It has become a new norm to utilize CLM provided word embeddings in downstream tasks such as text classification. However, unless addressed, CLMs are prone to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Navonil Majumder , Soujanya Poria

Transfer learning or multilingual model is essential for low-resource neural machine translation (NMT), but the applicability is limited to cognate languages by sharing their vocabularies. This paper shows effective techniques to transfer a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Yunsu Kim , Yingbo Gao , Hermann Ney

Word embeddings have recently seen a strong increase in interest as a result of strong performance gains on a variety of tasks. However, most of this research also underlined the importance of benchmark datasets, and the difficulty of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Stéphan Tulkens , Chris Emmery , Walter Daelemans

Word embeddings have made enormous inroads in recent years in a wide variety of text mining applications. In this paper, we explore a word embedding-based architecture for predicting the relevance of a role between two financial entities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-20 Mayank Kejriwal

Semantics of a sentence is defined with much less ambiguity than semantics of a single word, and we assume that it should be better preserved by translation to another language. If multilingual sentence embeddings intend to represent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Oleg Vasilyev , Fumika Isono , John Bohannon

General embeddings like word2vec, GloVe and ELMo have shown a lot of success in natural language tasks. The embeddings are typically extracted from models that are built on general tasks such as skip-gram models and natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Aparna Khare , Srinivas Parthasarathy , Shiva Sundaram

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in Natural Language Processing (NLP), yet their cross-lingual performance consistency remains a significant challenge. This paper introduces a novel methodology for efficiently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zixiang Xu , Yanbo Wang , Yue Huang , Xiuying Chen , Jieyu Zhao , Meng Jiang , Xiangliang Zhang

Massively multilingual language models such as multilingual BERT offer state-of-the-art cross-lingual transfer performance on a range of NLP tasks. However, due to limited capacity and large differences in pretraining data sizes, there is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Jonas Pfeiffer , Ivan Vulić , Iryna Gurevych , Sebastian Ruder

It is very challenging to work with low-resource languages due to the inadequate availability of data. Using a dictionary to map independently trained word embeddings into a shared vector space has proved to be very useful in learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Sourav Dutta

Currently, large language models (LLMs) predominantly focus on the text modality. To enable more natural human-AI interaction, speech LLMs are emerging, but building effective end-to-end speech LLMs remains challenging due to limited data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yan Zhou , Qingkai Fang , Yun Hong , Yang Feng

Previous work on cross-lingual sequence labeling tasks either requires parallel data or bridges the two languages through word-byword matching. Such requirements and assumptions are infeasible for most languages, especially for languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Zuyi Bao , Rui Huang , Chen Li , Kenny Q. Zhu

Morphological information is important for many sequence labeling tasks in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Yet, existing approaches rely heavily on manual annotations or external software to capture this information. In this study, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Arda Akdemir , Tetsuo Shibuya , Tunga Güngör

Mapping and translating professional but arcane clinical jargons to consumer language is essential to improve the patient-clinician communication. Researchers have used the existing biomedical ontologies and consumer health vocabulary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Wei-Hung Weng , Peter Szolovits

Text classification is a fundamental task for text data mining. In order to train a generalizable model, a large volume of text must be collected. To address data insufficiency, cross-lingual data may occasionally be necessary.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Jun Jiang , Shumao Pang , Xia Zhao , Liwei Wang , Andrew Wen , Hongfang Liu , Qianjin Feng

End-to-end neural machine translation has overtaken statistical machine translation in terms of translation quality for some language pairs, specially those with large amounts of parallel data. Besides this palpable improvement, neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Cristina España-Bonet , Ádám Csaba Varga , Alberto Barrón-Cedeño , Josef van Genabith

Shallow syntax provides an approximation of phrase-syntactic structure of sentences; it can be produced with high accuracy, and is computationally cheap to obtain. We investigate the role of shallow syntax-aware representations for NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Swabha Swayamdipta , Matthew Peters , Brendan Roof , Chris Dyer , Noah A. Smith

Typically, a linearly orthogonal transformation mapping is learned by aligning static type-level embeddings to build a shared semantic space. In view of the analysis that contextual embeddings contain richer semantic features, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Haoran Xu , Philipp Koehn