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We introduce an approach for training Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) that are certifiably robust to adversarial attack. Specifically, we first derive actionable bounds on the minimal size of an input perturbation required to change a VAE's…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-26 Ben Barrett , Alexander Camuto , Matthew Willetts , Tom Rainforth

Susceptibility of deep neural networks to adversarial attacks poses a major theoretical and practical challenge. All efforts to harden classifiers against such attacks have seen limited success. Two distinct categories of samples to which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Partha Ghosh , Arpan Losalka , Michael J Black

Likelihood is a standard estimate for outlier detection. The specific role of the normalization constraint is to ensure that the out-of-distribution (OOD) regime has a small likelihood when samples are learned using maximum likelihood.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Sangwoong Yoon , Yung-Kyun Noh , Frank Chongwoo Park

Representation learning (RL) methods for cyberattack detection face the diversity and sophistication of attack data, leading to the issue of mixed representations of different classes, particularly as the number of classes increases. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Phai Vu Dinh , Quang Uy Nguyen , Thai Hoang Dinh , Diep N. Nguyen , Bao Son Pham , Eryk Dutkiewicz

Graph clustering, aiming to partition nodes of a graph into various groups via an unsupervised approach, is an attractive topic in recent years. To improve the representative ability, several graph auto-encoder (GAE) models, which are based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Hongyuan Zhang , Rui Zhang , Xuelong Li

The paper has been withdrawn since more effective experiments should be completed. Auto-encoders (AE) has been widely applied in different fields of machine learning. However, as a deep model, there are a large amount of learnable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Zihao Wang , Yiuming Cheung

Deep learning models are widely employed in safety-critical applications yet remain susceptible to adversarial attacks -- imperceptible perturbations that can significantly degrade model performance. Conventional defense mechanisms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Eylon Mizrahi , Raz Lapid , Moshe Sipper

The interplay between quantum physics and machine learning gives rise to the emergent frontier of quantum machine learning, where advanced quantum learning models may outperform their classical counterparts in solving certain challenging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Weiyuan Gong , Dong Yuan , Weikang Li , Dong-Ling Deng

In this paper, we propose the Cross-Domain Adversarial Auto-Encoder (CDAAE) to address the problem of cross-domain image inference, generation and transformation. We make the assumption that images from different domains share the same…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Haodi Hou , Jing Huo , Yang Gao

Currently, digital security mechanisms like Anomaly Detection Systems using Autoencoders (AE) show great potential for bypassing problems intrinsic to the data, such as data imbalance. Because AE use a non-trivial and nonstandardized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Luan Gonçalves Miranda , Pedro Ivo da Cruz , Murilo Bellezoni Loiola

To combat against adversarial attacks, autoencoder structure is widely used to perform denoising which is regarded as gradient masking. In this paper, we revisit the role of autoencoders in adversarial settings. Through the comprehensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Byeong Cheon Kim , Jung Uk Kim , Hakmin Lee , Yong Man Ro

The choice of an appropriate bottleneck dimension and the application of effective regularization are both essential for Autoencoders to learn meaningful representations from unlabeled data. In this paper, we introduce a new class of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Jad Mounayer , Sebastian Rodriguez , Chady Ghnatios , Charbel Farhat , Francisco Chinesta

In contrast to fully-supervised models, self-supervised representation learning only needs a fraction of data to be labeled and often achieves the same or even higher downstream performance. The goal is to pre-train deep neural networks on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Friederike Baier , Sebastian Mair , Samuel G. Fadel

A key challenge in computer vision and deep learning is the definition of robust strategies for the detection of adversarial examples. Here, we propose the adoption of ensemble approaches to leverage the effectiveness of multiple detectors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Francesco Craighero , Fabrizio Angaroni , Fabio Stella , Chiara Damiani , Marco Antoniotti , Alex Graudenzi

Adversarial attacks significantly threaten the robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs). Despite the multiple defensive methods employed, they are nevertheless vulnerable to poison attacks, where attackers meddle with the initial training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Bakary Badjie , José Cecílio , António Casimiro

Text classifiers are vulnerable to adversarial examples -- correctly-classified examples that are deliberately transformed to be misclassified while satisfying acceptability constraints. The conventional approach to finding adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Tom Roth , Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Alsharif Abuadbba , Massimo Piccardi

We take steps towards understanding the "posterior collapse (PC)" difficulty in variational autoencoders (VAEs),~i.e. a degenerate optimum in which the latent codes become independent of their corresponding inputs. We rely on calculus of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Octavian-Eugen Ganea , Yashas Annadani , Gary Bécigneul

Constant-curvature Riemannian manifolds (CCMs) have been shown to be ideal embedding spaces in many application domains, as their non-Euclidean geometry can naturally account for some relevant properties of data, like hierarchy and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Daniele Grattarola , Lorenzo Livi , Cesare Alippi

Image compression has been investigated as a fundamental research topic for many decades. Recently, deep learning has achieved great success in many computer vision tasks, and is gradually being used in image compression. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Zhengxue Cheng , Heming Sun , Masaru Takeuchi , Jiro Katto

We present a mechanism for detecting adversarial examples based on data representations taken from the hidden layers of the target network. For this purpose, we train individual autoencoders at intermediate layers of the target network.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Bartosz Wójcik , Paweł Morawiecki , Marek Śmieja , Tomasz Krzyżek , Przemysław Spurek , Jacek Tabor