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There has been increasing attention to semi-supervised learning (SSL) approaches in machine learning to forming a classifier in situations where the training data for a classifier consists of a limited number of classified observations but…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-10 Daniel Ahfock , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

The expansion of machine learning into dynamic environments presents challenges in handling open-world problems where label shift, covariate shift, and unknown classes emerge. Post-training methods have been explored to address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Miru Kim , Mugon Joe , Minhae Kwon

The reliance on Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based classifiers in safety-critical and real-world applications necessitates Open-Set Recognition (OSR). OSR enables the identification of input data from classes unknown during training as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Nadarasar Bahavan , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge

Open-set object detection (OSOD) aims to detect the known categories and reject unknown objects in a dynamic world, which has achieved significant attention. However, previous approaches only consider this problem in data-abundant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Binyi Su , Hua Zhang , Jingzhi Li , Zhong Zhou

Machine-learned diagnosis models have shown promise as medical aides but are trained under a closed-set assumption, i.e. that models will only encounter conditions on which they have been trained. However, it is practically infeasible to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Viraj Prabhu , Anitha Kannan , Geoffrey J. Tso , Namit Katariya , Manish Chablani , David Sontag , Xavier Amatriain

Semantic understanding of 3D point cloud relies on learning models with massively annotated data, which, in many cases, are expensive or difficult to collect. This has led to an emerging research interest in semi-supervised learning (SSL)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Xian Shi , Xun Xu , Wanyue Zhang , Xiatian Zhu , Chuan Sheng Foo , Kui Jia

Complementary-label learning is a weakly supervised learning problem in which each training example is associated with one or multiple complementary labels indicating the classes to which it does not belong. Existing consistent approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Wei Wang , Takashi Ishida , Yu-Jie Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Classifiers are biased when trained on biased datasets. As a remedy, we propose Learning to Split (ls), an algorithm for automatic bias detection. Given a dataset with input-label pairs, ls learns to split this dataset so that predictors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Yujia Bao , Regina Barzilay

In classification, it is usual to observe that models trained on a given set of classes can generalize to previously unseen ones, suggesting the ability to learn beyond the initial task. This ability is often leveraged in the context of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Raphael Baena , Lucas Drumetz , Vincent Gripon

We investigate omni-supervised learning, a special regime of semi-supervised learning in which the learner exploits all available labeled data plus internet-scale sources of unlabeled data. Omni-supervised learning is lower-bounded by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Ilija Radosavovic , Piotr Dollár , Ross Girshick , Georgia Gkioxari , Kaiming He

In this paper, we address a complex but practical scenario in semi-supervised learning (SSL) named open-set SSL, where unlabeled data contain both in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) samples. Unlike previous methods that only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Ganlong Zhao , Guanbin Li , Yipeng Qin , Jinjin Zhang , Zhenhua Chai , Xiaolin Wei , Liang Lin , Yizhou Yu

In open set learning, a model must be able to generalize to novel classes when it encounters a sample that does not belong to any of the classes it has seen before. Open set learning poses a realistic learning scenario that is receiving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Chengsheng Mao , Liang Yao , Yuan Luo

Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) is a classification task where we do not have even a single training labeled example from a set of unseen classes. Instead, we only have prior information (or description) about seen and unseen classes, often in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Shabnam Daghaghi , Tharun Medini , Anshumali Shrivastava

Recent advancements in unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) and semi-supervised learning (SSL), particularly incorporating causality, have led to significant methodological improvements in these learning problems. However, a formal theory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xuetong Wu , Mingming Gong , Jonathan H. Manton , Uwe Aickelin , Jingge Zhu

We study the problem of learning-to-learn: inferring a learning algorithm that works well on tasks sampled from an unknown distribution. As class of algorithms we consider Stochastic Gradient Descent on the true risk regularized by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Giulia Denevi , Carlo Ciliberto , Riccardo Grazzi , Massimiliano Pontil

Effective convolutional neural networks are trained on large sets of labeled data. However, creating large labeled datasets is a very costly and time-consuming task. Semi-supervised learning uses unlabeled data to train a model with higher…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-16 Mehdi Sajjadi , Mehran Javanmardi , Tolga Tasdizen

Domain generalization (DG) is proposed to deal with the issue of domain shift, which occurs when statistical differences exist between source and target domains. However, most current methods do not account for a common realistic scenario…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Xiran Wang , Jian Zhang , Lei Qi , Yinghuan Shi

In open set recognition (OSR), almost all existing methods are designed specially for recognizing individual instances, even these instances are collectively coming in batch. Recognizers in decision either reject or categorize them to some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Chuanxing Geng , Songcan Chen

Generalization error bounds are critical to understanding the performance of machine learning models. In this work, we propose a new information-theoretic based generalization error upper bound applicable to supervised learning scenarios.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Gholamali Aminian , Laura Toni , Miguel R. D. Rodrigues

Assuming unknown classes could be present during classification, the open set recognition (OSR) task aims to classify an instance into a known class or reject it as unknown. In this paper, we use a two-stage training strategy for the OSR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Jingyun Jia , Philip K. Chan