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Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has been used as a metric to measure the negative impacts and enhance positive outcomes of companies in areas such as the environment, society, and governance. Recently, investors have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Elvys Linhares Pontes , Mohamed Benjannet , Lam Kim Ming

We present ESGBench, a benchmark dataset and evaluation framework designed to assess explainable ESG question answering systems using corporate sustainability reports. The benchmark consists of domain-grounded questions across multiple ESG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Sherine George , Nithish Saji

I identify a new signaling channel in ESG research by empirically examining whether environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing remains valuable as large institutional investors increasingly shift toward artificial intelligence…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-21 Qionghua Chu

Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) rating is a way for investors to prioritise investments in companies with good corporate behaviour. However, ESG ratings are vulnerable to greenwashing in a number of ways. In this paper we study…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Rudy Arthur , Guillherme Machado

Over the past years, topics ranging from climate change to human rights have seen increasing importance for investment decisions. Hence, investors (asset managers and asset owners) who wanted to incorporate these issues started to assess…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Tim Krappel , Alex Bogun , Damian Borth

We introduce ESGenius, a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating and enhancing the proficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) and sustainability-focused question answering. ESGenius comprises…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Chaoyue He , Xin Zhou , Yi Wu , Xinjia Yu , Yan Zhang , Lei Zhang , Di Wang , Shengfei Lyu , Hong Xu , Xiaoqiao Wang , Wei Liu , Chunyan Miao

The analysis of determinants of a company's financial performance has aroused significant attention, particularly, the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) has been the research focus in recent years. In addition to increasing…

General Economics · Economics 2024-09-04 Yuechen Wu

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were introduced by the United Nations in order to encourage policies and activities that help guarantee human prosperity and sustainability. SDG frameworks produced in the finance industry are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Qingzhi Hu , Daniel Daza , Laurens Swinkels , Kristina Ūsaitė , Robbert-Jan 't Hoen , Paul Groth

Although companies are exhorted to provide more information to the financial community, it is evident that they choose different paths based upon their strategic emphasis and competitive environments. Our investigation explores the…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-08-11 Rajiv Kashyap , Mohamed Menisy , Peter Caiazzo , Jim Samuel

Environmental, social and governance (ESG) engagement of companies moved into the focus of public attention over recent years. With the requirements of compulsory reporting being implemented and investors incorporating sustainability in…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-12-23 Tanja Aue , Adam Jatowt , Michael Färber

As the global economic environment becomes increasingly unstable, enhancing financial flexibility to cope with risks has become the consensus of many companies. At the same time, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance may…

General Economics · Economics 2025-02-21 Yan Li

Recently, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) has become an important factor in companies' sustainable development. Artificial intelligence (AI) is also a core digital technology that can create innovative, sustainable,…

General Economics · Economics 2023-12-01 Chenglin Qing , Shanyue Jin

Purpose: This research explores the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices on employee performance and well-being in private higher education institutions in Bandung, West Java. It seeks to provide insights into how…

Sustainability or ESG rating agencies use company disclosures and external data to produce scores or ratings that assess the environmental, social, and governance performance of a company. However, sustainability ratings across agencies for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Xiaoran Cai , Wang Yang , Xiyu Ren , Chekun Law , Rohit Sharma , Peng Qi

Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) KPIs assess an organization's performance on issues such as climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption, waste management, human rights, diversity, and policies. ESG reports convey…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Lokesh Mishra , Sohayl Dhibi , Yusik Kim , Cesar Berrospi Ramis , Shubham Gupta , Michele Dolfi , Peter Staar

Determining the sustainability impact of companies is a highly complex subject which has garnered more and more attention over the past few years. Today, investors largely rely on sustainability-ratings from established rating-providers in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Fabian Billert , Stefan Conrad

Climate change has intensified the need for transparency and accountability in organizational practices, making Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting increasingly crucial. Frameworks like the Global Reporting Initiative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Shafiuddin Rehan Ahmed , Ankit Parag Shah , Quan Hung Tran , Vivek Khetan , Sukryool Kang , Ankit Mehta , Yujia Bao , Wei Wei

The rapid growth of sustainable investing, now exceeding 35 trillion USD globally, has transformed financial markets, yet the implications for monetary policy transmission remain underexplored. While existing literature documents…

General Economics · Economics 2025-06-04 Fatih Kansoy , Dominykas Stasiulaitis

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) constructs classifiers using both labelled and unlabelled data. It leverages information from labelled samples, whose acquisition is often costly or labour-intensive, together with unlabelled data to enhance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-29 Jinran Wu , You-Gan Wang , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

This paper extends the application of ESG score assessment methodologies from large corporations to individual farmers' production, within the context of climate change. Our proposal involves the integration of crucial agricultural…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-16 Jiayue Zhang , Ken Seng Tan , Tony S. Wirjanto , Lysa Porth