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Iris Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) is essential to secure iris recognition systems. Recent iris PAD solutions achieved good performance by leveraging deep learning techniques. However, most results were reported under intra-database…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Meiling Fang , Fadi Boutros , Naser Damer

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are being increasingly used to address the problem of iris presentation attack detection. In this work, we propose attention-guided iris presentation attack detection (AG-PAD) to augment CNNs with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Cunjian Chen , Arun Ross

Presentation attacks are posing major challenges to most of the biometric modalities. Iris recognition, which is considered as one of the most accurate biometric modality for person identification, has also been shown to be vulnerable to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Mehak Gupta , Vishal Singh , Akshay Agarwal , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

The adoption of large-scale iris recognition systems around the world has brought to light the importance of detecting presentation attack images (textured contact lenses and printouts). This work presents a new approach in iris…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Andrey Kuehlkamp , Allan Pinto , Anderson Rocha , Kevin Bowyer , Adam Czajka

An iris recognition system is vulnerable to presentation attacks, or PAs, where an adversary presents artifacts such as printed eyes, plastic eyes, or cosmetic contact lenses to circumvent the system. In this work, we propose an effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Renu Sharma , Arun Ross

This paper presents a deep-learning-based method for iris presentation attack detection (PAD) when iris images are obtained from deceased people. Our approach is based on the VGG-16 architecture fine-tuned with a database of 574…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Mateusz Trokielewicz , Adam Czajka , Piotr Maciejewicz

Iris recognition technology has attracted an increasing interest in the last decades in which we have witnessed a migration from research laboratories to real world applications. The deployment of this technology raises questions about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Aythami Morales , Julian Fierrez , Javier Galbally , Marta Gomez-Barrero

Face recognition has evolved as a prominent biometric authentication modality. However, vulnerability to presentation attacks curtails its reliable deployment. Automatic detection of presentation attacks is essential for secure use of face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Anjith George , Sebastien Marcel

Foundation models are becoming increasingly popular due to their strong generalization capabilities resulting from being trained on huge datasets. These generalization capabilities are attractive in areas such as NIR Iris Presentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Juan E. Tapia , Lázaro Janier González-Soler , Christoph Busch

This paper proposes the first, known to us, open source presentation attack detection (PAD) solution to distinguish between authentic iris images (possibly wearing clear contact lenses) and irises with textured contact lenses. This software…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Joseph McGrath , Kevin W. Bowyer , Adam Czajka

Iris recognition is widely recognized as one of the most accurate biometric modalities. However, its growing deployment in real-world applications raises significant concerns regarding its vulnerability to Presentation Attacks (PAs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Raghavendra Ramachandra , Sushma Venkatesh

An iris presentation attack detection (IPAD) is essential for securing personal identity is widely used iris recognition systems. However, the existing IPAD algorithms do not generalize well to unseen and cross-domain scenarios because of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Gaurav Jaswal , Aman Verma , Sumantra Dutta Roy , Raghavendra Ramachandra

Research in presentation attack detection (PAD) for iris recognition has largely moved beyond evaluation in "closed-set" scenarios, to emphasize ability to generalize to presentation attack types not present in the training data. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Aidan Boyd , Jeremy Speth , Lucas Parzianello , Kevin Bowyer , Adam Czajka

Human perceptual priors have shown promise in saliency-guided deep learning training, particularly in the domain of iris presentation attack detection (PAD). Common saliency approaches include hand annotations obtained via mouse clicks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Byron Dowling , Jacob Piland , Eleanor Frederick , Christopher Sweet , Adam Czajka

Iris-based biometric systems are vulnerable to presentation attacks (PAs), where adversaries present physical artifacts (e.g., printed iris images, textured contact lenses) to defeat the system. This has led to the development of various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Debasmita Pal , Redwan Sony , Arun Ross

The use of biometrics to authenticate users and control access to secure areas has become extremely popular in recent years, and biometric access control systems are frequently used by both governments and private corporations. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Justin Spencer , Deborah Lawrence , Prosenjit Chatterjee , Kaushik Roy , Albert Esterline , Jung-Hee Kim

Biometric presentation attack detection is gaining increasing attention. Users of mobile devices find it more convenient to unlock their smart applications with finger, face or iris recognition instead of passwords. In this paper, we survey…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Yomna Safaa El-Din , Mohamed N. Moustafa , Hani Mahdi

Diversity and unpredictability of artifacts potentially presented to an iris sensor calls for presentation attack detection methods that are agnostic to specificity of presentation attack instruments. This paper proposes a method that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Zhaoyuan Fang , Adam Czajka , Kevin W. Bowyer

With the widespread use of biometric systems, the demographic bias problem raises more attention. Although many studies addressed bias issues in biometric verification, there are no works that analyze the bias in presentation attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Meiling Fang , Naser Damer , Florian Kirchbuchner , Arjan Kuijper

The robustness and generalization ability of Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) methods is critical to ensure the security of Face Recognition Systems (FRSs). However, in a real scenario, Presentation Attacks (PAs) are various and it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Wentian Zhang , Haozhe Liu , Feng Liu , Raghavendra Ramachandra , Christoph Busch
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