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Transformers are very powerful tools for a variety of tasks across domains, from text generation to image captioning. However, transformers require substantial amounts of training data, which is often a challenge in biomedical settings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Andrew Kean Gao

Exploring contextual information in convolution neural networks (CNNs) has gained substantial attention in recent years for semantic segmentation. This paper introduces a Bi-directional Contextual Aggregating Network, called BiCANet, for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Quan Zhou , Dechun Cong , Bin Kang , Xiaofu Wu , Baoyu Zheng , Huimin Lu , Longin Jan Latecki

Few-shot Semantic Segmentation addresses the challenge of segmenting objects in query images with only a handful of annotated examples. However, many previous state-of-the-art methods either have to discard intricate local semantic features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Amirreza Fateh , Mohammad Reza Mohammadi , Mohammad Reza Jahed Motlagh

Transformers have been extensively studied in medical image segmentation to build pairwise long-range dependence. Yet, relatively limited well-annotated medical image data makes transformers struggle to extract diverse global features,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-13 Xian Lin , Zengqiang Yan , Xianbo Deng , Chuansheng Zheng , Li Yu

Multimodal medical imaging provides complementary information that is crucial for accurate delineation of pathology, but the development of deep learning models is limited by the scarcity of large datasets in which different modalities are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Arunkumar V , Firos V M , Senthilkumar S , Gangadharan G R

In ophthalmology, the study of the retinal microcirculation is a key issue in the analysis of many ocular and systemic diseases, like hypertension or diabetes. This motivates the research on improving the retinal vasculature segmentation.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-23 José Morano , Álvaro S. Hervella , Noelia Barreira , Jorge Novo , José Rouco

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and vision transformers (ViTs) are widely employed for medical image segmentation, but they are still challenged by their intrinsic characteristics. CNNs are limited from capturing varying-scaled…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Jin Yang , Daniel S. Marcus , Aristeidis Sotiras

Due to the success of CNN-based and Transformer-based models in various computer vision tasks, recent works study the applicability of CNN-Transformer hybrid architecture models in 3D multi-modality medical segmentation tasks. Introducing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Yonghao Huang , Leiting Chen , Chuan Zhou

Renal tumors, especially renal cell carcinoma (RCC), show significant heterogeneity, posing challenges for diagnosis using radiology images such as MRI, echocardiograms, and CT scans. U-Net based deep learning techniques are emerging as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Fnu Neha , Arvind K. Bansal

Transformer-based deep neural networks have achieved remarkable success across various computer vision tasks, largely attributed to their long-range self-attention mechanism and scalability. However, most transformer architectures embed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Muyi Bao , Changyu Zeng , Yifan Wang , Zhengni Yang , Zimu Wang , Guangliang Cheng , Jun Qi , Wei Wang

Transformer is a new kind of neural architecture which encodes the input data as powerful features via the attention mechanism. Basically, the visual transformers first divide the input images into several local patches and then calculate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Kai Han , An Xiao , Enhua Wu , Jianyuan Guo , Chunjing Xu , Yunhe Wang

Multi-organ segmentation holds paramount significance in many clinical tasks. In practice, compared to large fully annotated datasets, multiple small datasets are often more accessible and organs are not labelled consistently. Normally, an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zhendi Gong , Susan Francis , Eleanor Cox , Stamatios N. Sotiropoulos , Dorothee P. Auer , Guoping Qiu , Andrew P. French , Xin Chen

Transformer, which can benefit from global (long-range) information modeling using self-attention mechanisms, has been successful in natural language processing and 2D image classification recently. However, both local and global features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Wenxuan Wang , Chen Chen , Meng Ding , Jiangyun Li , Hong Yu , Sen Zha

Medical image segmentation is an important step in medical image analysis, especially as a crucial prerequisite for efficient disease diagnosis and treatment. The use of deep learning for image segmentation has become a prevalent trend. The…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-11 Wenjian Yao , Jiajun Bai , Wei Liao , Yuheng Chen , Mengjuan Liu , Yao Xie

Unets have become the standard method for semantic segmentation of medical images, along with fully convolutional networks (FCN). Unet++ was introduced as a variant of Unet, in order to solve some of the problems facing Unet and FCNs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Samayan Bhattacharya , Sk Shahnawaz , Avigyan Bhattacharya

Vision transformers are effective deep learning models for vision tasks, including medical image segmentation. However, they lack efficiency and translational invariance, unlike convolutional neural networks (CNNs). To model long-range…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-15 Liam Chalcroft , Ruben Lourenço Pereira , Mikael Brudfors , Andrew S. Kayser , Mark D'Esposito , Cathy J. Price , Ioannis Pappas , John Ashburner

Image segmentation is a branch of computer vision that is widely used in real world applications including biomedical image processing. With recent advancement of deep learning, image segmentation has achieved at a very high level…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-25 Nima Hassanpour , Abouzar Ghavami

In recent years, significant advancements have been made in deep learning for medical image segmentation, particularly with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformer models. However, CNNs face limitations in capturing long-range…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 Juntao Jiang , Jiangning Zhang , Weixuan Liu , Muxuan Gao , Xiaobin Hu , Zhucun Xue , Yong Liu , Shuicheng Yan

The extraction of text in high quality is essential for text-based document analysis tasks like Document Classification or Named Entity Recognition. Unfortunately, this is not always ensured, as poor scan quality and the resulting artifacts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 David Kreuzer , Michael Munz

Semantic segmentation involves assigning a specific category to each pixel in an image. While Vision Transformer-based models have made significant progress, current semantic segmentation methods often struggle with precise predictions in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Guoan Xu , Wenfeng Huang , Tao Wu , Ligeng Chen , Wenjing Jia , Guangwei Gao , Xiatian Zhu , Stuart Perry