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In blockchain systems, fair transaction ordering is crucial for a trusted and regulation-compliant economic ecosystem. Unlike traditional State Machine Replication (SMR) systems, which focus solely on liveness and safety, blockchain systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Shir Cohen , Neel Basu , Soumya Basu , Lorenzo Alvisi

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) opens up a challenging research area towards improving secure data sharing which currently has several limitations. Primarily, the lack of inbuilt guarantees of honest behavior of participating, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Jayasree Sengupta , Sushmita Ruj , Sipra Das Bit

Identity management systems (IDMSs) are widely used to provision user identities while managing authentication, authorization, and data sharing within organizations and on the web. Traditional identity systems typically suffer from single…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Loic Lesavre , Priam Varin , Peter Mell , Michael Davidson , James Shook

A zk-SNARK is a protocol that lets one party, the prover, prove to another party, the verifier, that a statement about some privately-held information is true without revealing the information itself. This paper describes technical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Thomas Chen , Hui Lu , Teeramet Kunpittaya , Alan Luo

In the past decades, the blockchain technology has attracted tremendous attention from both academia and industry. The popularity of blockchain networks was originated from a crypto-currency to serve as a decentralized and tamperproof…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Ziyao Liu , Nguyen Cong Luong , Wenbo Wang , Dusit Niyato , Ping Wang , Ying-Chang Liang , Dong In Kim

Authentication and authorization of a user's identity are generally done by the service providers or identity providers. However, these centralized systems limit the user's control of their own identity and are prone to massive data leaks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Shlok Gilda , Tanvi Jain , Aashish Dhalla

The Covid-19 pandemic has made individuals and organizations to rethink the way of handling identity verification and credentials sharing particularly in quarantined situations. In this study, we investigate the inefficiencies of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Mehmet Aydar , Serkan Ayvaz , Salih Cemil Cetin

Traditional Insurance, a popular approach of financial risk management, has suffered from the issues of high operational costs, opaqueness, inefficiency and a lack of trust. Recently, blockchain-enabled "parametric insurance" through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Mingyu Hao , Keyang Qian , Sid Chi-Kin Chau

The current humanitarian health crisis popularized the debate on data privacy. At the same time, several cities, states, and even countries put the mandatory presentation of health pass to access services into practice. In this article, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Mauricio de Vasconcelos Barros , Frederico Schardong , Ricardo Felipe Custódio

The most fundamental purpose of blockchain technology is to enable persistent, consistent, distributed storage of information. Increasingly common are authentication systems that leverage this property to allow users to carry their personal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Daniel Augot , Hervé Chabanne , Olivier Clémot , William George

Bitcoin brings a new type of digital currency that does not rely on a central system to maintain transactions. By benefiting from the concept of decentralized ledger, users who do not know or trust each other can still conduct transactions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Zhimin Gao , Lei Xu , Keshav Kasichainula , Lin Chen , Bogdan Carbunar , Weidong Shi

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about sophisticated models capable of various tasks ranging from image recognition to natural language processing. As these models continue to grow in complexity, ensuring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Nishant Jagannath , Christopher Wong , Braden Mcgrath , Md Farhad Hossain , Asuquo A. Okon , Abbas Jamalipour , Kumudu S. Munasinghe

One of the fundamental applications for a practically useful system of money is remuneration. Information pertaining to the amount of compensation awarded to different individuals is often considered sensitive, commanding a certain degree…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-03-14 S. Matthew English , Ehsan Nezhadian

Blockchains provide environments where parties can interact transparently and securely peer-to-peer without needing a trusted third party. Parties can trust the integrity and correctness of transactions and the verifiable execution of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Simon Tschirner , Shashank Shekher Tripathi , Mathias Roeper , Markus M. Becker , Volker Skwarek

Motivated by the great success and adoption of Bitcoin, a number of cryptocurrencies such as Litecoin, Dogecoin, and Ethereum are becoming increasingly popular. Although existing blockchain-based cryptocurrency schemes can ensure reasonable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Jian Liu , Wenting Li , Ghassan O. Karame , N. Asokan

We live in an era of information and it is very important to handle the exchange of information. While sending data to an authorized source, we need to protect it from unauthorized sources, changes, and authentication. ZKP technique can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Lavish Saluja , Ashutosh Bhatia

The unique properties of blockchain enable central requirements of distributed secure logging: Immutability, integrity, and availability. Especially when providing transparency about data usages, a blockchain-based secure log can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Valentin Zieglmeier , Gabriel Loyola Daiqui

Opening up data produced by the Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile devices for public utilization can maximize their economic value. Challenges remain in the trustworthiness of the data sources and the security of the trading process,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yue Li , Ifteher Alom , Wenhai Sun , Yang Xiao

Federated machine learning (FL) allows to collectively train models on sensitive data as only the clients' models and not their training data need to be shared. However, despite the attention that research on FL has drawn, the concept still…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Timon Rückel , Johannes Sedlmeir , Peter Hofmann

Trading data through blockchain platforms is hard to achieve \textit{fair exchange}. Reasons come from two folds: Firstly, guaranteeing fairness between sellers and consumers is a challenging task as the deception of any participating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Erya Jiang , Bo Qin , Qin Wang , Qianhong Wu , Sanxi Li , Wenchang Shi , Yingxin Bi , Wenyi Tang