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Symbolic regression (SR) aims to find symbolic expressions that describe datasets. Due to its inherent interpretability, is a powerful paradigm for scientific discovery. Recent advances have expanded SR to describe related phenomena using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Viktor Martinek , Roland Herzog

We showcase the potential of symbolic regression as an analytic method for use in materials research. First, we briefly describe the current state-of-the-art method, genetic programming-based symbolic regression (GPSR), and recent advances…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-10-02 Yiqun Wang , Nicholas Wagner , James M. Rondinelli

Learning time-series representations for discriminative tasks, such as classification and regression, has been a long-standing challenge in the healthcare domain. Current pre-training methods are limited in either unidirectional next-token…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Ziyang Song , Qincheng Lu , He Zhu , David Buckeridge , Yue Li

Neural-symbolic computing has now become the subject of interest of both academic and industry research laboratories. Graph Neural Networks (GNN) have been widely used in relational and symbolic domains, with widespread application of GNNs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Luis C. Lamb , Artur Garcez , Marco Gori , Marcelo Prates , Pedro Avelar , Moshe Vardi

Symbolic regression (SR) uncovers mathematical models from data. Several benchmarks have been proposed to compare the performance of SR algorithms. However, existing ground-truth rediscovery benchmarks overemphasize the recovery of "the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Viktor Martinek

Self-supervised neural language models have recently found wide applications in generative design of organic molecules and protein sequences as well as representation learning for downstream structure classification and functional…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-21 Lai Wei , Nihang Fu , Yuqi Song , Qian Wang , Jianjun Hu

This paper proposes a hybrid basis function construction method (GP-RVM) for Symbolic Regression problem, which combines an extended version of Genetic Programming called Kaizen Programming and Relevance Vector Machine to evolve an optimal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Hossein Izadi Rad , Ji Feng , Hitoshi Iba

Semantic GP is a promising approach that introduces semantic awareness during genetic evolution. This paper presents a new Semantic GP approach based on Dynamic Target (SGP-DT) that divides the search problem into multiple GP runs. The…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Stefano Ruberto , Valerio Terragni , Jason H. Moore

Friction systems are mechanical systems wherein friction is used for force transmission (e.g. mechanical braking systems or automatic gearboxes). For finding optimal and safe design parameters, engineers have to predict friction system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Gabriel Kronberger , Michael Kommenda , Andreas Promberger , Falk Nickel

Existing generative pre-trained language models (e.g., GPT) focus on modeling the language structure and semantics of general texts. However, those models do not consider the numerical properties of numbers and cannot perform robustly on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Zhihua Jin , Xin Jiang , Xingbo Wang , Qun Liu , Yong Wang , Xiaozhe Ren , Huamin Qu

Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) architectures are the most popular design for language modeling. Energy-based modeling is a different paradigm that views inference as a dynamical process operating on an energy landscape. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Nima Dehmamy , Benjamin Hoover , Bishwajit Saha , Leo Kozachkov , Jean-Jacques Slotine , Dmitry Krotov

A novel approach to automated learning of syntactic rules governing natural languages is proposed, based on using probabilities assigned to sentences (and potentially longer word sequences) by transformer neural network language models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Ben Goertzel , Andres Suarez Madrigal , Gino Yu

Symbolic regression aims to discover human-interpretable equations that explain observational data. However, existing approaches rely heavily on discrete structure search (e.g., genetic programming), which often leads to high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Fateme Memar , Tao Zhe , Dongjie Wang

Symbolic regression, the task of extracting mathematical expressions from the observed data $\{ \vx_i, y_i \}$, plays a crucial role in scientific discovery. Despite the promising performance of existing methods, most of them conduct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Pengwei Jin , Di Huang , Rui Zhang , Xing Hu , Ziyuan Nan , Zidong Du , Qi Guo , Yunji Chen

Learning useful representations from unstructured data is one of the core challenges, as well as a driving force, of modern data-driven approaches. Deep learning has demonstrated the broad advantages of learning and harnessing such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Dario Pasquini , Ankit Gangwal , Giuseppe Ateniese , Massimo Bernaschi , Mauro Conti

Probabilistic context-free grammars have a long-term record of use as generative models in machine learning and symbolic regression. When used for symbolic regression, they generate algebraic expressions. We define the latter as equivalence…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Urh Primožič , Ljupčo Todorovski , Matej Petković

Neural sequence models trained with maximum likelihood estimation have led to breakthroughs in many tasks, where success is defined by the gap between training and test performance. However, their ability to achieve stronger forms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Sean Welleck , Peter West , Jize Cao , Yejin Choi

Probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) are widely used to discover latent structure in data, but their success hinges on selecting an appropriate model design. In practice, model specification is difficult and often requires iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Kevin Zhang , Yixin Wang

In recent years, genetic programming (GP)-based evolutionary feature construction has achieved significant success. However, a primary challenge with evolutionary feature construction is its tendency to overfit the training data, resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Hengzhe Zhang , Qi Chen , Bing Xue , Wolfgang Banzhaf , Mengjie Zhang

Previous studies show effective of pre-trained language models for sentiment analysis. However, most of these studies ignore the importance of sentimental information for pre-trained models.Therefore, we fully investigate the sentimental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Yong Qian , Zhongqing Wang , Rong Xiao , Chen Chen , Haihong Tang