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Front-running attacks have been a major concern on the blockchain. Attackers launch front-running attacks by inserting additional transactions before upcoming victim transactions to manipulate victim transaction executions and make profits.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Wuqi Zhang , Lili Wei , Shing-Chi Cheung , Yepang Liu , Shuqing Li , Lu Liu , Michael R. Lyu

Computer systems often provide hardware support for isolation mechanisms like privilege levels, virtual memory, or enclaved execution. Over the past years, several successful software-based side-channel attacks have been developed that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Matteo Busi , Job Noorman , Jo Van Bulck , Letterio Galletta , Pierpaolo Degano , Jan Tobias Mühlberg , Frank Piessens

Timing channels enable data leakage that threatens the security of computer systems, from cloud platforms to smartphones and browsers executing untrusted third-party code. Preventing unauthorised information flow is a core duty of the…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Qian Ge , Yuval Yarom , Tom Chothia , Gernot Heiser

Adding new hardware features to a cloud computing server requires testing both the functionalities and the performance of the new hardware mechanisms. However, commonly used cloud computing server workloads are not well-represented by the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-03-07 Hao Wu , Fangfei Liu , Ruby B. Lee

This article presents an asynchronous FPGA architecture for implementing cryptographic algorithms secured against physical cryptanalysis. We discuss the suitability of asynchronous reconfigurable architectures for such applications before…

This work presents the first thorough exploration of the attacks on the interface between gate-level and pulse-level quantum circuits and pulse-level quantum circuits themselves. Typically, quantum circuits and programs that execute on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Chuanqi Xu , Jakub Szefer

Transient execution attacks, also called speculative execution attacks, have drawn much interest as they exploit the transient execution of instructions, e.g., during branch prediction, to leak data. Transient execution is fundamental to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Wenjie Xiong , Jakub Szefer

Embedded systems are parts of our daily life and used in many fields. They can be found in smartphones or in modern cars including GPS, light/rain sensors and other electronic assistance mechanisms. These systems may handle sensitive data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Pascal Cotret , Guy Gogniat , Martha Johanna Sepulveda Florez

Deploying machine learning (ML) models on user devices can improve privacy (by keeping data local) and reduce inference latency. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are a practical solution for protecting proprietary models, yet existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Sina Abdollahi , Mohammad Maheri , Sandra Siby , Marios Kogias , Hamed Haddadi

Timing channels are information flows, encoded in the relative timing of events, that bypass the system's protection mechanisms. Any microarchitectural state that depends on execution history and affects the rate of progress of later…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Qian Ge , Yuval Yarom , Frank Li , Gernot Heiser

Modern web browsers have effectively become the new operating system for business applications, yet their security posture is often under-scrutinized. This paper presents a novel, comprehensive Browser Security Posture Analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Avihay Cohen

Adversaries with physical access to a target platform can perform cold boot or DMA attacks to extract sensitive data from the RAM. In response, several main-memory encryption schemes have been proposed to prevent such attacks. Also hardware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Robert Buhren , Shay Gueron , Jan Nordholz , Jean-Pierre Seifert , Julian Vetter

Since Spectre and Meltdown's disclosure in 2018, a new category of attacks has been identified and characterized by the scientific community. The Foreshadow attack, which was the first one to target Intel's secure enclave technology (namely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Valentin Martinoli , Yannick Teglia , Abdellah Bouagoun , Régis Leveugle

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly integrated into practical hardware and firmware development pipelines for code generation. Existing studies have primarily focused on evaluating the functional correctness of LLM-generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qirui Chen , Jingxian Shuai , Shuangwu Chen , Shenghao Ye , Zijian Wen , Xufei Su , Jie Jin , Jiangming Li , Jun Chen , Xiaobin Tan , Jian Yang

In the main text published at USENIX Security 2025, we presented a systematic analysis of the role of cache occupancy in the design considerations for randomized caches (from the perspectives of performance and security). On the performance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Anirban Chakraborty , Nimish Mishra , Sayandeep Saha , Sarani Bhattacharya , Debdeep Mukhopadhyay

High-end ARM processors are emerging in data centers and HPC systems, posing as a strong contender to x86 machines. Memory-centric profiling is an important approach for dissecting an application's bottlenecks on memory access and guiding…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Samuel Miksits , Ruimin Shi , Maya Gokhale , Jacob Wahlgren , Gabin Schieffer , Ivy Peng

Sensors are embedded in security-critical applications from medical devices to nuclear power plants, but their outputs can be spoofed through electromagnetic and other types of signals transmitted by attackers at a distance. To address the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Ilias Giechaskiel , Youqian Zhang , Kasper B. Rasmussen

The timing characteristics of cache, a high-speed storage between the fast CPU and the slowmemory, may reveal sensitive information of a program, thus allowing an adversary to conduct side-channel attacks. Existing methods for detecting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Shengjian Guo , Meng Wu , Chao Wang

Highly privileged software, such as firmware, is an attractive target for attackers. Thus, BIOS vendors use cryptographic signatures to ensure firmware integrity at boot time. Nevertheless, such protection does not prevent an attacker from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Ronny Chevalier , Maugan Villatel , David Plaquin , Guillaume Hiet

Like many other tasks involving neural networks, Speech Recognition models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. However recent research has pointed out differences between attacks and defenses on ASR models compared to image models.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Raphael Olivier , Bhiksha Raj