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The phonon thermal Hall effect (THE) is a ubiquitous yet poorly understood phenomenon in insulators. Its microscopic origin remains debated, partly due to significant sample-dependent variations that hint at uncontrolled experimental…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-13 Qiaochao Xiang , Xiaokang Li , Xiaodong Guo , Kamran Behnia , Zengwei Zhu

It is now known that in addition to electrons, other quasi-particles such as phonons and magnons can also generate a thermal Hall signal. Graphite is a semimetal with extremely mobile charge carriers of both signs and a large lattice…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Qiaochao Xiang , Xiaokang Li , Xiaodong Guo , Zengwei Zhu , Kamran Behnia

The underlying mechanism of the thermal Hall effect (THE) generated by phonons in a variety of insulators is yet to be identified. Here, we report on a sizeable thermal Hall conductivity in NiPS$_3$, a van der Waals stack of honeycomb…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-10-02 Qingkai Meng , Xiaokang Li , Jie Liu , Lingxiao Zhao , Chao Dong , Zengwei Zhu , Liang Li , Kamran Behnia

The origin of phonon thermal Hall Effect (THE) observed in a variety of insulators is yet to be identified. Here, we report on the observation of a thermal Hall conductivity in a non-magnetic elemental insulator, with an amplitude exceeding…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-03-16 Xiaokang Li , Yo Machida , Alaska Subedi , Zengwei Zhu , Liang Li , Kamran Behnia

The mechanism behind thermal Hall effects by phonons, which are observed in various materials, is not clarified despite the dominant contribution as heat carriers. Theoretically, mechanisms based on the intrinsic Berry phase and those on…

We provide a topological understanding on phonon Hall effect in dielectrics with Raman spinphonon coupling. A general expression for phonon Hall conductivity is obtained in terms of the Berry curvature of band structures. We find a…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-01-28 Lifa Zhang , Jie Ren , Jian-Sheng Wang , Baowen Li

The phonon Hall effect has been observed in the paramagnetic insulator, Tb3Gd5O12. A magnetic field applied perpendicularly to a heat current induces a temperature gradient that is perpendicular to both the field and the current. We show…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-12-24 M. Mori , A. Spencer-Smith , O. P. Sushkov , S. Maekawa

The recent observation of a half-integer quantized thermal Hall effect in $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ is interpreted as a unique signature of a chiral spin liquid with a Majorana edge mode. A similar quantized thermal Hall effect is expected in…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-08-03 Yuval Vinkler-Aviv , Achim Rosch

Recent experimental observations of unexpectedly large thermal Hall conductivities, $\kappa_H$, in insulating materials, including the parent compounds of the high temperature superconducting cuprates, likely reflect an extrinsic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Xiao-Qi Sun , Jing-Yuan Chen , Steven A. Kivelson

In magnetic fields, thermal gradient-induced effects such as the Nernst and thermal Hall effects are significantly influenced by phonon drag, which works in conjunction with the force on electrons in a magnetic field. We introduce a method…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-10 Junya Endo , Hiroyasu Matsuura , Masao Ogata

We present computations of the thermal Hall coefficient of phonons scattering off a defect with multiple energy levels. Using a microscopic formulation based on the Kubo formula, we find that the leading contribution perturbative in the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-11-15 Haoyu Guo , Darshan G. Joshi , Subir Sachdev

Based upon spin-lattice interaction, we propose a theoretical model for the phonon Hall effect in paramagnetic dielectrics. The thermal Hall conductivity is calculated by using the Kubo formula. Our theory reproduces the essential…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. Sheng , D. N. Sheng , C. S. Ting

Recent studies have demonstrated that the thermal Hall effect can originate from magnons (magnon Hall effect), phonons (phonon Hall effect), or their combination (magnon-polaron Hall effect). The magnon-polaron Hall effect, first observed…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-19 Mohamed Nawwar , Robin R. Neumann , Jiamin Wen , Alexander Mook , Ingrid Mertig , Joseph P. Heremans

We investigate the thermal Hall effect in a Kitaev-Heisenberg system, a model for Kitaev candidate $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$, in the presence of the coupling between spin and phonon arising from chlorine atoms' vibration. We observe that the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-07-27 Shaozhi Li , Satoshi Okamoto

Using an exact nonequilibrium Green's function formulism, the phonon Hall effect for paramagnetic dielectrics is studied in a four-terminal device setting. The temperature difference in the transverse direction of the heat current is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-23 Lifa Zhang , Jian-Sheng Wang , Baowen Li

A diversity of spin Hall effects in metallic systems is known to rely on Mott skew scattering. In this work its high-temperature counterpart, phonon skew scattering, which is expected to be of foremost experimental relevance, is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-08-19 Cosimo Gorini , Ulrich Eckern , Roberto Raimondi

We study the nature of the debated thermal Hall effect in the candidate Kitaev material $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$. Without assuming the existence of a gapped spin liquid, we show that a realistic minimal spin model in the canted zigzag phase…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-01-27 Shuyi Li , Han Yan , Andriy H. Nevidomskyy

With an increasing number of experiments observing phonon thermal Hall effect in magnets, it is theoretically desired to have a minimal model for the phonon thermal Hall effect. In this work, we study a simple model of acoustic phonons and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-10-11 Haoyu Guo

We study the intrinsic scattering of phonons by a general quantum degree of freedom, i.e. a fluctuating "field" $Q$, which may have completely general correlations, restricted only by unitarity and translational invariance. From the induced…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-01-04 Léo Mangeolle , Leon Balents , Lucile Savary

Crystalline solids are generally known as excellent heat conductors, amorphous materials or glasses as thermal insulators. It has thus come as a surprise that certain crystal structures defy this paradigm. A prominent example are type-I…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-02-22 M. Ikeda , H. Euchner , X. Yan , P. Tomes , A. Prokofiev , L. Prochaska , G. Lientschnig , R. Svagera , S. Hartmann , E. Gati , M. Lang , S. Paschen