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We present a new family of exchangeable stochastic processes, the Functional Neural Processes (FNPs). FNPs model distributions over functions by learning a graph of dependencies on top of latent representations of the points in the given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Christos Louizos , Xiahan Shi , Klamer Schutte , Max Welling

We study how neural networks trained by gradient descent extrapolate, i.e., what they learn outside the support of the training distribution. Previous works report mixed empirical results when extrapolating with neural networks: while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Keyulu Xu , Mozhi Zhang , Jingling Li , Simon S. Du , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Stefanie Jegelka

This paper presents a compact, matrix-based representation of neural networks in a self-contained tutorial fashion. Specifically, we develop neural networks as a composition of several vector-valued functions. Although neural networks are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-01 Turibius Rozario , Arjun Trivedi , Ankit Goel

Training deep neural networks in low rank, i.e. with factorised layers, is of particular interest to the community: it offers efficiency over unfactorised training in terms of both memory consumption and training time. Prior work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Siddhartha Rao Kamalakara , Acyr Locatelli , Bharat Venkitesh , Jimmy Ba , Yarin Gal , Aidan N. Gomez

This work theoretically investigates the performance of a composite neural network. A composite neural network is a rooted directed acyclic graph combining a set of pre-trained and non-instantiated neural network models, where a pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Ming-Chuan Yang , Meng Chang Chen

Large multilayer neural networks trained with backpropagation have recently achieved state-of-the-art results in a wide range of problems. However, using backprop for neural net learning still has some disadvantages, e.g., having to tune a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-07-16 José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Ryan P. Adams

Deep learning is also known as hierarchical learning, where the learner _learns_ to represent a complicated target function by decomposing it into a sequence of simpler functions to reduce sample and time complexity. This paper formally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li

In this article we present new results on neural networks with linear threshold activation functions. We precisely characterize the class of functions that are representable by such neural networks and show that 2 hidden layers are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Sammy Khalife , Hongyu Cheng , Amitabh Basu

We propose a new method for learning deep neural network models that is based on a greedy learning approach: we add one basis function at a time, and a new basis function is generated as a non-linear activation function applied to a linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Daria Fokina , Ivan Oseledets

By replacing standard non-linearities with polynomial activations, Polynomial Neural Networks (PNNs) are pivotal for applications such as privacy-preserving inference via Homomorphic Encryption (HE). However, training PNNs effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Forsad Al Hossain , Tauhidur Rahman

We introduce a class of neural networks derived from probabilistic models in the form of Bayesian belief networks. By imposing additional assumptions about the nature of the probabilistic models represented in the belief networks, we derive…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 M. J. Barber , J. W. Clark , C. H. Anderson

This paper presents the input convex neural network architecture. These are scalar-valued (potentially deep) neural networks with constraints on the network parameters such that the output of the network is a convex function of (some of)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Brandon Amos , Lei Xu , J. Zico Kolter

This research is to search for alternatives to the resolution of complex medical diagnosis where human knowledge should be apprehended in a general fashion. Successful application examples show that human diagnostic capabilities are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2010-09-28 Abu Bakar Siddiquee , Md. Ehsanul Hoque Mazumder , S. M. Kamruzzaman

Deep learning has received considerable empirical successes in recent years. However, while many ad hoc tricks have been discovered by practitioners, until recently, there has been a lack of theoretical understanding for tricks invented in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Cong Fang , Hanze Dong , Tong Zhang

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new learning procedure for neural networks and to demonstrate that it works well enough on a few small problems to be worth further investigation. The Forward-Forward algorithm replaces the forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Geoffrey Hinton

We present flattened convolutional neural networks that are designed for fast feedforward execution. The redundancy of the parameters, especially weights of the convolutional filters in convolutional neural networks has been extensively…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-11-23 Jonghoon Jin , Aysegul Dundar , Eugenio Culurciello

Neural network-based function approximation plays a pivotal role in the advancement of scientific computing and machine learning. Yet, training such models faces several challenges: (i) each target function often requires training a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Xinwen Hu , Yunqing Huang , Nianyu Yi , Peimeng Yin

Neural processes have recently emerged as a class of powerful neural latent variable models that combine the strengths of neural networks and stochastic processes. As they can encode contextual data in the network's function space, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Jiayi Shen , Xiantong Zhen , Marcel Worring , Ling Shao

Single layer feedforward networks with random weights are successful in a variety of classification and regression problems. These networks are known for their non-iterative and fast training algorithms. A major drawback of these networks…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Ajay M. Patrikar

Recent work has shown that purely quadratic functions can replace MLPs in transformers with no significant loss in performance, while enabling new methods of interpretability based on linear algebra. In this work, we theoretically derive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Nora Belrose , Alice Rigg