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We investigate the existence of higher order exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems, and show that $\mu$-fold EPs are stable in $\mu-1$ dimensions in the presence of anti-unitary symmetries that are local in parameter space, such…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-10-27 Pierre Delplace , Tsuneya Yoshida , Yasuhiro Hatsugai

Exceptional points (EPs) are spectral degeneracies unique to non-Hermitian systems which underpin phenomena from enhanced sensing to unconventional topology. While disorder is usually viewed as detrimental, it can also drive topological…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-01-28 Xiaoyu Cheng , Tiantao Qu , Yaqing Yang , Jun Chen , Lei Zhang

Exceptional points (EPs) are distinct characteristics of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians that have no counterparts in Hermitian systems. In this study, we focus on EPs in continuous systems rather than discrete non-Hermitian systems, which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Y. T. Wang , R. Wang , X. Z. Zhang

Non-Hermitian systems with parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry give rise to exceptional points (EPs) with exceptional properties that arise due to the coalescence of eigenvectors. Such systems have been extensively explored in the…

We classify gapped phases and characteristic nodal points of non-Hermitian band structures on two-dimensional nonorientable parameter spaces. Such spaces arise in a wide range of physical systems in the presence of nonsymmorphic parameter…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 J. Lukas K. König , Kang Yang , André Grossi Fonseca , Sachin Vaidya , Marin Soljačić , Emil J. Bergholtz

The low-energy physics of graphene is described by relativistic Dirac fermions with spin and valley degrees of freedom. Mechanical strain can be used to create a pseudo magnetic field pointing to opposite directions in the two valleys. We…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-08-29 Ying-Hai Wu , Tao Shi , G. J. Sreejith , Zheng-Xin Liu

Inspired by "quantum graphity" models for spacetime, a statistical model of graphs is proposed to explore possible realizations of emergent manifolds. Graphs with given numbers of vertices and edges are considered, governed by a very…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-04-09 Si Chen , Steven S. Plotkin

Symmetries represent a fundamental constraint for physical systems and relevant new phenomena often emerge as a consequence of their breaking. An important example is provided by space- and time-translational invariance in statistical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-12-21 Matteo Marcuzzi , Andrea Gambassi , Michel Pleimling

Symmetries impose structure on the Hilbert space of a quantum mechanical model. The mathematical units of this structure are the irreducible representations of symmetry groups and I consider how they function as conceptual units of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-29 N. L. Harshman

In this paper, we develop the groundwork for a graph theoretic toy model of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Using discrete Witten-Morse theory, we demonstrate that finite graphs have a natural supersymmetric structure and use this…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Bek Herz , Ivan Contreras

Exceptional points (EPs) determine the dynamics of open quantum systems and cause also PT symmetry breaking in PT symmetric systems. From a mathematical point of view, this is caused by the fact that the phases of the wavefunctions…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-04-30 Hichem Eleuch , Ingrid Rotter

High frequency limit for most of wave phenomena is known as quasiclassical limit or ray optics limit. Propagation of waves in this limit is described in terms of wave fronts and rays. Wave front is a surface of constant phase whose points…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ruslan Sharipov

Non-Hermitian systems, going beyond conventional Hermitian systems, have brought in intriguing concepts such as exceptional points and complex spectral topology as well as exotic phenomena such as non-Hermitian skin effects (NHSEs).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-23 Li-Wei Wang , Jian-Hua Jiang

Exceptional points are singularities in the spectrum of non-Hermitian systems in which several eigenvectors are linearly dependent and their eigenvalues are equal to each other. Usually it is assumed that the order of the exceptional point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Timofey T. Sergeev , Evgeny S. Andrianov , Alexander A. Zyablovsky

Exceptional points are degeneracies in non-Hermitian systems. A two-state system with parity-time (PT) symmetry usually has only one exceptional point beyond which the eigenmodes are PT-symmetry broken. The so-called symmetry recovery,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Xu-Lin Zhang , Shubo Wang , Wen-Jie Chen , Bo Hou , C. T. Chan

Many quantum condensed-matter systems, and probably the quantum vacuum of our Universe, are strongly correlated and strongly interacting fermionic systems, which cannot be treated perturbatively. However, physics which emerges in the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2008-11-26 G. E. Volovik

Photonic topological edge states in one-dimensional dimer chains have long been thought to be robust to structural perturbations by mapping the topological Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model of a solid-state system. However, the edge states at the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-10 Zhiwei Guo , Tengzhou Zhang , Juan Song , Haitao Jiang , Hong Chen

We analyze a diamond-lattice Hubbard model with the spatially modulated Hubbard interaction. Our dynamical mean-field analysis with special emphasis on non-Hermitian properties elucidates that the gapless nodal line changes into…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-09-18 Kazuhiro Kimura , Tsuneya Yoshida , Norio Kawakami

Recent experimental studies have shown that confinement can profoundly affect self-organization in semi-dilute active suspensions, leading to striking features such as the formation of steady and spontaneous vortices in circular domains and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-08-25 Maxime Theillard , Roberto Alonso-Matilla , David Saintillan

We propose a novel type of exceptional points, dubbed interaction-enabled $n$-fold exceptional points [EP$n$s ($n=2,3$)] -- EP$n$s protected by topology that are prohibited at the non-interacting level. Specifically, we demonstrate that…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Musashi Kato , Tsuneya Yoshida