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Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across natural language tasks and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. Despite extensive safety alignment efforts, recent studies show that such alignment is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yinzhi Zhao , Ming Wang , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yifei Zhang

Machine learning and deep learning algorithms can be used to classify encrypted Internet traffic. Classification of encrypted traffic can become more challenging in the presence of adversarial attacks that target the learning algorithms. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Ramy Maarouf , Danish Sattar , Ashraf Matrawy

We present SLEAN (Simple Lightweight Ensemble Analysis Network), a deterministic framework for coordinating multiple LLM providers through text-based prompt orchestration. Unlike complex multi-agent systems requiring specialized…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Matheus J. T. Vargas

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular for their advanced text generation capabilities across various domains. However, like any software, they face security challenges, including the risk of 'jailbreak' attacks that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Jie Li , Yi Liu , Chongyang Liu , Ling Shi , Xiaoning Ren , Yaowen Zheng , Yang Liu , Yinxing Xue

Malicious agents pose significant threats to the reliability and decision-making capabilities of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) powered by Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing defenses often fall short due to reactive designs or centralized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yang Feng , Xudong Pan

Traffic Engineering (TE) in large-scale networks like cloud Wide Area Networks (WANs) and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations is a critical challenge. Although learning-based approaches have been proposed to address the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Fangtong Zhou , Xiaorui Liu , Ruozhou Yu , Guoliang Xue

Encrypted tunneling protocols are widely used. Beyond business and personal uses, malicious actors also deploy tunneling to hinder the detection of Command and Control and data exfiltration. A common approach to maintain visibility on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Johan Mazel , Matthieu Saudrais , Antoine Hervieu

In the past few years, Language Models (LMs) have shown par-human capabilities in several domains. Despite their practical applications and exceeding user consumption, they are susceptible to jailbreaks when malicious input exploits the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Charlotte Siska , Anush Sankaran

The DDoS attack landscape is growing at an unprecedented pace. Inspired by the recent advances in optical networking, we make a case for optical layer-aware DDoS defense (O-LAD) in this paper. Our approach leverages the optical layer to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Matthew Hall , Ramakrishnan Durairajan , Vyas Sekar

Website Fingerprinting (WF) attacks exploit patterns in encrypted traffic to infer the websites visited by users, posing a serious threat to anonymous communication systems. Although recent WF techniques achieve over 90% accuracy in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xinhao Deng , Jingyou Chen , Linxiao Yu , Yixiang Zhang , Zhongyi Gu , Changhao Qiu , Xiyuan Zhao , Ke Xu , Qi Li

The Spectre vulnerability in modern processors has been widely reported. The key insight in this vulnerability is that speculative execution in processors can be misused to access the secrets. Subsequently, even though the speculatively…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Guanhua Wang , Sudipta Chattopadhyay , Ivan Gotovchits , Tulika Mitra , Abhik Roychoudhury

Connected vehicles are threatened by cyber-attacks as in-vehicle networks technologically approach (mobile) LANs with several wireless interconnects to the outside world. Malware that infiltrates a car today faces potential victims of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Philipp Meyer , Timo Häckel , Sandra Reider , Franz Korf , Thomas C. Schmidt

Cybersecurity incidents such as data breaches have become increasingly common, affecting millions of users and organizations worldwide. The complexity of cybersecurity threats challenges the effectiveness of existing security communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Carolina Carreira , Alexandra Mendes , João F. Ferreira , Nicolas Christin

Research and development of techniques which detect or remediate malicious network activity require access to diverse, realistic, contemporary data sets containing labeled malicious connections. In the absence of such data, said techniques…

Semantic communication is of crucial importance for the next-generation wireless communication networks. The existing works have developed semantic communication frameworks based on deep learning. However, systems powered by deep learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Yuan Zhou , Rose Qingyang Hu , Yi Qian

Deployed large language models (LLMs) often rely on speculative decoding, a technique that generates and verifies multiple candidate tokens in parallel, to improve throughput and latency. In this work, we reveal a new side-channel whereby…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jiankun Wei , Abdulrahman Abdulrazzag , Tianchen Zhang , Adel Muursepp , Gururaj Saileshwar

The goal of hate speech detection is to filter negative online content aiming at certain groups of people. Due to the easy accessibility of social media platforms it is crucial to protect everyone which requires building hate speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Irina Bigoulaeva , Viktor Hangya , Iryna Gurevych , Alexander Fraser

DDoS attacks are simple, effective, and still pose a significant threat even after more than two decades. Given the recent success in machine learning, it is interesting to investigate how we can leverage deep learning to filter out…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Wesley Joon-Wie Tann , Jackie Tan Jin Wei , Joanna Purba , Ee-Chien Chang

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is an emerging technology to transform the cloud-based computing services into the edge-based ones. Autonomous vehicular network (AVNET), as one of the most promising applications of MEC, can feature edge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Jiasi Weng , Jian Weng , Yue Zhang , Ming Li , Zhaodi Wen

Code obfuscation is a major tool for protecting software intellectual property from attacks such as reverse engineering or code tampering. Yet, recently proposed (automated) attacks based on Dynamic Symbolic Execution (DSE) shows very…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Mathilde Ollivier , Sébastien Bardin , Richard Bonichon , Jean-Yves Marion