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This paper describes methods for comparative evaluation of the interpretability of models of high dimensional time series data inferred by unsupervised machine learning algorithms. The time series data used in this investigation were logs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Nicholas Hoernle , Kobi Gal , Barbara Grosz , Leilah Lyons , Ada Ren , Andee Rubin

The field of machine learning has seen tremendous progress in recent years, with deep learning models delivering exceptional performance across a range of tasks. However, these models often come at the cost of interpretability, as they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Shun Liu

This paper addresses the current lack of a unified formal framework in machine learning theory, as well as the absence of robust theoretical foundations for interpretability and ethical safety assurance. We first construct a formal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jianfeng Xu

The last decade has seen huge progress in the development of advanced machine learning models; however, those models are powerless unless human users can interpret them. Here we show how the mind's construction of concepts and meaning can…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-04 Nick Condry

Program comprehension concerns the ability of an individual to make an understanding of an existing software system to extend or transform it. Software systems comprise of data that are noisy and missing, which makes program understanding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Amir Saeidi , Jurriaan Hage , Ravi Khadka , Slinger Jansen

Many tasks aim to measure machine reading comprehension (MRC), often focusing on question types presumed to be difficult. Rarely, however, do task designers start by considering what systems should in fact comprehend. In this paper we make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Jesse Dunietz , Gregory Burnham , Akash Bharadwaj , Owen Rambow , Jennifer Chu-Carroll , David Ferrucci

Recent work on interpretability has focused on concept-based explanations, where deep learning models are explained in terms of high-level units of information, referred to as concepts. Concept learning models, however, have been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Mateo Espinosa Zarlenga , Pietro Barbiero , Zohreh Shams , Dmitry Kazhdan , Umang Bhatt , Adrian Weller , Mateja Jamnik

We provide a novel notion of what it means to be interpretable, looking past the usual association with human understanding. Our key insight is that interpretability is not an absolute concept and so we define it relative to a target model,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Amit Dhurandhar , Vijay Iyengar , Ronny Luss , Karthikeyan Shanmugam

Selecting an optimal classification model requires a robust and comprehensive understanding of the performance of the model. This paper provides a tutorial on the PyCM library, demonstrating its utility in conducting deep-dive evaluations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sadra Sabouri , Alireza Zolanvari , Sepand Haghighi

Machine reading comprehension (MRC) has received considerable attention as a benchmark for natural language understanding. However, the conventional task design of MRC lacks explainability beyond the model interpretation, i.e., reading…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Saku Sugawara , Pontus Stenetorp , Akiko Aizawa

The popularity of deep learning methods in the time series domain boosts interest in interpretability studies, including counterfactual (CF) methods. CF methods identify minimal changes in instances to alter the model predictions. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Ziwen Kan , Shahbaz Rezaei , Xin Liu

Despite the great potential of large language models(LLMs) in machine comprehension, it is still disturbing to fully count on them in real-world scenarios. This is probably because there is no rational explanation for whether the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Yongjie Xiao , Hongru Liang , Peixin Qin , Yao Zhang , Wenqiang Lei

Recent work has looked to understand user perceptions of speech agent capabilities as dialogue partners (termed partner models), and how this affects user interaction. Yet, currently partner model effects are inferred from language…

Application of interpretable machine learning techniques on medical datasets facilitate early and fast diagnoses, along with getting deeper insight into the data. Furthermore, the transparency of these models increase trust among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Sreejita Ghosh , Elizabeth S. Baranowski , Michael Biehl , Wiebke Arlt , Peter Tino , Kerstin Bunte

Context: The complexity of modern safety-critical systems in industries keep on increasing due to the rising number of features and functionalities. This calls for formal methods in order to entrust confidence in such systems. Nevertheless,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Arut Prakash Kaleeswaran , Arne Nordmann , Thomas Vogel , Lars Grunske

Data quality is a key element for building and optimizing good learning models. Despite many attempts to characterize data quality, there is still a need for rigorous formalization and an efficient measure of the quality from available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Jouseau Roxane , Salva Sébastien , Samir Chafik

Component-based design paradigm is of paramount importance due to prolific growth in the complexity of modern-day systems. Since the components are developed primarily by multi-party vendors and often assembled to realize the overall…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Aritra Hazra

Research on quality issues of business process models has recently begun to explore the process of creating process models. As a consequence, the question arises whether different ways of creating process models exist. In this vein, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-11-13 Jakob Pinggera , Pnina Soffer , Stefan Zugal , Barbara Weber , Matthias Weidlich , Dirk Fahland , Hajo A. Reijers , Jan Mendling

Diffusion models are learning pattern-learning systems to model and sample from data distributions with three functional components namely the forward process, the reverse process, and the sampling process. The components of diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Ziyi Chang , George Alex Koulieris , Hyung Jin Chang , Hubert P. H. Shum

We present an efficient parametric model checking (PMC) technique for the analysis of software performability, i.e., of the performance and dependability properties of software systems. The new PMC technique works by automatically…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Xinwei Fang , Radu Calinescu , Simos Gerasimou , Faisal Alhwikem