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Sign languages are essential for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) community. Sign language generation systems have the potential to support communication by translating from written languages, such as English, into signed videos. However,…

Machine learning models fundamentally rely on large quantities of high-quality data. Collecting the necessary data for these models can be challenging due to cost, scarcity, and privacy restrictions. Signed languages are visual languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Harry Walsh , Maksym Ivashechkin , Richard Bowden

Sign language, which contains hand movements, facial expressions and bodily gestures, is a significant medium for communicating with hard-of-hearing people. A well-trained sign language community communicates easily, but those who don't…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Ajeet Kumar Yadav , Nishant Kumar , Rathna G N

Deep learning models have improved sign language-to-text translation and made it easier for non-signers to understand signed messages. When the goal is spoken communication, a naive approach is to convert signed messages into text and then…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Toranosuke Manabe , Yuto Shibata , Shinnosuke Takamichi , Yoshimitsu Aoki

Sign language to spoken language audio translation is important to connect the hearing- and speech-challenged humans with others. We consider sign language videos with isolated sign sequences rather than continuous grammatical signing. Such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Harsh Kavediya , Vighnesh Nayak , Bheeshm Sharma , Balamurugan Palaniappan

To be truly understandable and accepted by Deaf communities, an automatic Sign Language Production (SLP) system must generate a photo-realistic signer. Prior approaches based on graphical avatars have proven unpopular, whereas recent neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Ben Saunders , Necati Cihan Camgoz , Richard Bowden

Sign Language Production (SLP) is the tough task of turning sign language into sign videos. The main goal of SLP is to create these videos using a sign gloss. In this research, we've developed a new method to make high-quality sign videos…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Pan Xie , Taiyi Peng , Yao Du , Qipeng Zhang

Sign Language Translation (SLT) aims to map sign language videos to spoken language text. A common approach relies on gloss annotations as an intermediate representation, decomposing SLT into two sub-tasks: video-to-gloss recognition and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jianyuan Guo , Peike Li , Trevor Cohn

Recent work have addressed the generation of human poses represented by 2D/3D coordinates of human joints for sign language. We use the state of the art in Deep Learning for motion transfer and evaluate them on How2Sign, an American Sign…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Lucas Ventura , Amanda Duarte , Xavier Giro-i-Nieto

Sign language understanding has made significant strides; however, there is still no viable solution for generating sign sequences directly from entire spoken content, e.g., text or speech. In this paper, we propose a unified framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jian Ma , Wenguan Wang , Yi Yang , Feng Zheng

Communication barriers pose significant challenges for individuals with hearing and speech impairments, often limiting their ability to effectively interact in everyday environments. This project introduces a real-time assistive technology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Brandone Fonya , Clarence Worrell

It has always been a rather tough task to communicate with someone possessing a hearing impairment. One of the most tested ways to establish such a communication is through the use of sign based languages. However, not many people are aware…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Sharanya Mukherjee , Md Hishaam Akhtar , Kannadasan R

Phonetic representations are used when recording spoken languages, but no equivalent exists for recording signed languages. As a result, linguists have proposed several annotation systems that operate on the gloss or sub-unit level;…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Harry Walsh , Abolfazl Ravanshad , Mariam Rahmani , Richard Bowden

Sign language video generation requires producing natural signing motions with realistic appearances under precise semantic control, yet faces two critical challenges: excessive signer-specific data requirements and poor generalization. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiayi He , Xu Wang , Shengeng Tang , Yaxiong Wang , Lechao Cheng , Dan Guo

Sign language is the primary language for many Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) signers, yet most conversational AI systems still mediate interaction through spoken or written language. This spoken-language-centered interface can limit access…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Youngmin Kim , Kyobin Choo , Jiwoo Park , Minseo Kim , Chanyoung Kim , Junhyeok Kim , Seong Jae Hwang

The goal of automatic Sign Language Production (SLP) is to translate spoken language to a continuous stream of sign language video at a level comparable to a human translator. If this was achievable, then it would revolutionise Deaf hearing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Ben Saunders , Necati Cihan Camgoz , Richard Bowden

Sign Language Production (SLP) is the process of converting the complex input text into a real video. Most previous works focused on the Text2Gloss, Gloss2Pose, Pose2Vid stages, and some concentrated on Prompt2Gloss and Text2Avatar stages.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sen Fang , Yalin Feng , Hongbin Zhong , Yanxin Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Helping deaf and hard-of-hearing people communicate more easily is the main goal of Automatic Sign Language Translation. Although most past research has focused on turning sign language into text, doing the reverse, turning spoken English…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Kazi Mahathir Rahman , Naveed Imtiaz Nafis , Md. Farhan Sadik , Mohammad Al Rafi , Mehedi Hasan Shahed

Existing end-to-end sign-language animation systems suffer from low naturalness, limited facial/body expressivity, and no user control. We propose a human-centered, real-time speech-to-sign animation framework that integrates (1) a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yingchao Li

Historically, sign language machine translation has been posed as a sentence-level task: datasets consisting of continuous narratives are chopped up and presented to the model as isolated clips. In this work, we explore the limitations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Garrett Tanzer , Maximus Shengelia , Ken Harrenstien , David Uthus
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