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We investigate how nonlocal entanglement, as identified by violations of a Bell inequality, may be protected during the evolution. Our system consists of two qubits each embedded in a bosonic reservoir evolving independently and initially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-30 Bruno Bellomo , Rosario Lo Franco , Giuseppe Compagno

Entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, such as E91 and BBM92, offer strong information-theoretic security and are naturally suited for satellite-to-satellite QKD (SatQKD) links. However, implementing these protocols…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-27 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Mazen Hasna , Saif Al-Kuwari , Khalid Qaraqe

We compare entanglement with quantum nonlocality employing a geometric structure of the state space of bipartite qudits. Central object is a regular simplex spanned by generalized Bell states. The Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu-Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Christoph Spengler , Marcus Huber , Beatrix C. Hiesmayr

We define a property called nondegeneracy for Bell inequalities, which describes the situation that in a Bell setting, if a Bell inequality and involved local measurements are chosen and fixed, any quantum state with a given dimension and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Zhaohui Wei , Lijinzhi Lin

We consider the Clauser-Horn (CH) inequality for a qubit-qutrit system. We derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the violation of the inequality as well as some sufficient conditions. Remarkably, we demonstrate the importance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Pawel Caban , Pawel Horodecki

We construct the tripartite Bell-type inequalities of product states for l1-norm of coherence, relative entropy of coherence and skew information. Some three-qubit entangled states violate these inequalities. Particulary, the tripartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-25 L. Qiu , Z. Liu , F. Pan

We experimentally demonstrate, using qubits encoded in photon polarization, that if two parties share a single reference direction and use locally orthogonal measurements they will always violate a Bell inequality, up to experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-31 Matthew S. Palsson , Joel J. Wallman , Adam J. Bennet , G. J. Pryde

Quantum correlations between spatially separated parts of a $d$-dimensional bipartite system ($d\geq 2$) have no classical analog. Such correlations, also called entanglements, are not only conceptually important, but also have a profound…

We report on the experimental violation of multipartite Bell inequalities by entangled states of trapped ions. First we consider resource states for measurement-based quantum computation of between 3 and 7 ions and show that all strongly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-19 B. P. Lanyon , M. Zwerger , P. Jurcevic , C. Hempel , W. Dür , H. J. Briegel , R. Blatt , C. F. Roos

Quantum key distribution(QKD) is one of the most significant areas in quantum information theory. For nearly four decades, substantial QKD schemes are developed. In early years, the security of QKD protocols is depend on switching different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-12 Hao Shu

The violation of a Bell inequality certifies the presence of entanglement even if neither party trusts their measurement devices. Recently Moroder et. al. showed how to make this statement quantitative, using semidefinite programming to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-17 Matthew F. Pusey

We show how nonclassical correlations in local bipartite states can act as a resource for quantum information processing. Considering the task of quantum random access codes (RAC) through separable Bell-diagonal states, we demonstrate the…

Bell inequality violating entangled states are the working horse for many potential quantum information processing applications, including secret sharing, cryptographic key distribution and communication complexity reduction in distributed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-12 Marcin Wiesniak

The Ekert quantum key distribution protocol uses pairs of entangled qubits and performs checks based on a Bell inequality to detect eavesdropping. The 3DEB protocol uses instead pairs of entangled qutrits to achieve better noise resistance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-17 François Arnault , Zoé Amblard

Bell inequalities and nonlocality have been widely studied in one-dimensional quantum systems. As a kind of quantum correlation, it is expected that bipartite nonlocaity should be present in quantum systems, just as bipartite entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Zhao-Yu Sun , Yu-Ying Wu , Hai-Lin Huang , Bo-Jun Chen , Bo Wang

We show how weak non-linearities can be used in a device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol using generalized two-mode Schr\"odinger cat states. The QKD protocol is therefore shown to be secure against collective attacks…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-12 Curtis J. Broadbent , Kevin Marshall , Christian Weedbrook , John C. Howell

We show that correlations inconsistent with any locally causal description can be a generic feature of measurements on entangled quantum states. Specifically, spatially-separated parties who perform local measurements on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Yeong-Cherng Liang , Nicholas Harrigan , Stephen D. Bartlett , Terry Rudolph

Nonlocality, manifested by the violation of Bell inequalities, indicates entanglement within a joint quantum system. A natural question is how much entanglement is required for a given nonlocal behavior. Here, we explore this question by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Yuwei Zhu , Xingjian Zhang , Xiongfeng Ma

Bell inequalities are a cornerstone of quantum physics. By carefully selecting measurement bases (typically polarization), their violation certifies quantum entanglement. Such measurements are disrupted by the presence of optical disorder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-26 Baptiste Courme , Malo Joly , Adrian Makowski , Sylvain Gigan , Hugo Defienne

Imperfect detection efficiency remains one of the major obstacles in achieving loophole-free Bell tests over long distances. At the same time, the challenge of establishing a common reference frame for measurements becomes more pronounced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Paweł Cieśliński , Tamás Vértesi , Mateusz Kowalczyk , Wiesław Laskowski