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It is shown that Smolin four-qubit bound entangled states [Phys. Rev. A, 63 032306 (2001)] can maximally violate two-setting Bell inequality similar to standard CHSH inequality. Surprisingly this entanglement does not allow for secure key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-22 Remigiusz Augusiak , Pawel Horodecki

Cluster states are a new type of multiqubit entangled states with entanglement properties exceptionally well suited for quantum computation. In the present work, we experimentally demonstrate that correlations in a four-qubit linear cluster…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Philip Walther , Markus Aspelmeyer , Kevin J. Resch , Anton Zeilinger

We present a Bell-type inequality for four-qubit systems. Using the inequality we investigate quantum nonlocality of a generic family of states $\left|G_{abcd}\right >$ [Phys. Rev. A 65, 052112 (2002)] and several canonical four-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-07 Dong Ding , Fengli Yan , Ting Gao

Quantum correlations are at the heart of many applications in quantum information science and, at the same time, they form the basis for discussions about genuine quantum effects and their difference to classical physics. On one hand,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-06 Tobias Moroder , Oleg Gittsovich , Marcus Huber , Otfried Gühne

We present a crytographic protocol based upon entangled qutrit pairs. We analyse the scheme under a symmetric incoherent attack and plot the region for which the protocol is secure and compare this with the region of violations of certain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Kelken Chang , Daniel Kuan Li Oi , L. C. Kwek , C. H. Oh

Recently, in Sci. Rep. \textbf{6} (2016) 28767, Li et al., have proposed a scheme for quantum key distribution using Bell states. This comment provides a proof that the proposed scheme of Li et al., is insecure as it involves leakage of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-26 Anirban Pathak , Kishore Thapliyal

Bell tests---the experimental demonstration of a Bell inequality violation---are central to understanding the foundations of quantum mechanics, underpin quantum technologies, and are a powerful diagnostic tool for technological developments…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the most explored application of quantum information theory. A central problem in entanglement-based QKD (EB-QKD), is whether every entangled state can be used to extract a key. We observe that entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Shubhayan Sarkar , Tushita Prasad , Karol Horodecki

A multipartite quantum state violates a Bell inequality asymptotically if, after jointly processing by general local operations an arbitrarily large number of copies of it, the result violates the inequality. In the bipartite case we show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Ll. Masanes

Standard quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols typically assume that the distant parties share a common reference frame. In practice, however, establishing and maintaining a good alignment between distant observers is rarely a trivial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-04 Joshua A. Slater , Cyril Branciard , Nicolas Brunner , Wolfgang Tittel

We examine the problem of exhibiting Bell nonlocality for a two-qudit entangled pure state using a randomly chosen set of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs). Interestingly, even if we employ only two-setting Bell inequalities, we find a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-19 Gelo Noel M. Tabia , Varun Satya Raj Bavana , Shih-Xian Yang , Yeong-Cherng Liang

Bell nonlocality and steering are archetypal characteristics of quantum mechanics that mark a significant departure from conventional classical notions. They basically refer to the presence of quantum correlations between separated systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Dhrumil Patel , Arup Roy , Indranil Chakrabarty , Nirman Ganguly

The nature of quantum correlations in strongly correlated systems has been a subject of intense research. In particular, it has been realized that entanglement and quantum discord are present at quantum phase transitions and able to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-03 Thiago R. de Oliveira , A. Saguia , M. S. Sarandy

Entanglement is a critical resource used in many current quantum information schemes. As such entanglement has been extensively studied in two qubit systems and its entanglement nature has been exhibited by violations of the Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 W. J. Munro , K. Nemoto , A. G. White

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is an emerging cryptographic method designed for secure key sharing. Its security is theoretically guaranteed by fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, making it a leading candidate for future…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Chia-Tso Lai

The aim of this thesis is to investigate quantum entanglement and quantum nonlocality of bipartite finite-dimensional systems (bipartite qudits). Entanglement is one of the most fascinating non-classical features of quantum theory, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-09 Christoph Spengler

Quantum steering, also called Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, is the intriguing phenomenon associated with the ability of spatially separated observers to steer---by means of local measurements---the set of conditional quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-03 Chung-Yun Hsieh , Yeong-Cherng Liang , Ray-Kuang Lee

We discuss the relations between the violation of the CHSH Bell inequality for systems of two qubits on the one side and entanglement of formation, local filtering operations, and the entropy and purity on the other. We calculate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Frank Verstraete , Michael M. Wolf

Recently it has been shown how the use of quantum entanglement can lead to the creation of real-time communication channels whose viability can be made location dependent. Such functionality leads to new security paradigms that are not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-12 Robert A Malaney

A Bell inequality is a fundamental test to rule out local hidden variable model descriptions of correlations between two physically separated systems. There have been a number of experiments in which a Bell inequality has been violated…