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Hessian based measures of flatness, such as the trace, Frobenius and spectral norms, have been argued, used and shown to relate to generalisation. In this paper we demonstrate that for feed forward neural networks under the cross entropy…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-17 Diego Granziol

The robustness and anomaly detection capability of neural networks are crucial topics for their safe adoption in the real-world. Moreover, the over-parameterization of recent networks comes with high computational costs and raises questions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Morgane Ayle , Bertrand Charpentier , John Rachwan , Daniel Zügner , Simon Geisler , Stephan Günnemann

Formal verification is only as good as the specification of a system, which is also true for neural network verification. Existing specifications follow the paradigm of data as specification, where the local neighborhood around a reference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Chuqin Geng , Zhaoyue Wang , Haolin Ye , Xujie Si

Recently, adversarial deception becomes one of the most considerable threats to deep neural networks. However, compared to extensive research in new designs of various adversarial attacks and defenses, the neural networks' intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Fuxun Yu , Zhuwei Qin , Chenchen Liu , Liang Zhao , Yanzhi Wang , Xiang Chen

Despite having high accuracy, neural nets have been shown to be susceptible to adversarial examples, where a small perturbation to an input can cause it to become mislabeled. We propose metrics for measuring the robustness of a neural net…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-19 Osbert Bastani , Yani Ioannou , Leonidas Lampropoulos , Dimitrios Vytiniotis , Aditya Nori , Antonio Criminisi

Recently, there has been growing evidence that if the width and depth of a neural network are scaled toward the so-called rich feature learning limit (\mup and its depth extension), then some hyperparameters -- such as the learning rate --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Lorenzo Noci , Alexandru Meterez , Thomas Hofmann , Antonio Orvieto

Invariances in neural networks are useful and necessary for many tasks. However, the representation of the invariance of most neural network models has not been characterized. We propose measures to quantify the invariance of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Facundo Manuel Quiroga , Jordina Torrents-Barrena , Laura Cristina Lanzarini , Domenec Puig-Valls

Robustness of neural networks has recently attracted a great amount of interest. The many investigations in this area lack a precise common foundation of robustness concepts. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a rigorous and flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Alessandro Tibo , Manfred Jaeger , Kim G. Larsen

Deep Neural Networks(DNN) have excessively advanced the field of computer vision by achieving state of the art performance in various vision tasks. These results are not limited to the field of vision but can also be seen in speech…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Chirag Agarwal , Bo Dong , Dan Schonfeld , Anthony Hoogs

Model reparametrization, which follows the change-of-variable rule of calculus, is a popular way to improve the training of neural nets. But it can also be problematic since it can induce inconsistencies in, e.g., Hessian-based flatness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Agustinus Kristiadi , Felix Dangel , Philipp Hennig

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is a recent training method that relies on worst-case weight perturbations which significantly improves generalization in various settings. We argue that the existing justifications for the success of SAM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Maksym Andriushchenko , Nicolas Flammarion

Two aspects of neural networks that have been extensively studied in the recent literature are their function approximation properties and their training by gradient descent methods. The approximation problem seeks accurate approximations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 R. Gentile , G. Welper

Flat regions of the neural network loss landscape have long been hypothesized to correlate with better generalization properties. A closely related but distinct problem is training models that are robust to internal perturbations to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Philip Jacobson , Ben Feinberg , Suhas Kumar , Sapan Agarwal , T. Patrick Xiao , Christopher Bennett

Achieving invariance to nuisance transformations is a fundamental challenge in the construction of robust and reliable vision systems. Existing approaches to invariance scale exponentially with the dimension of the family of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Sam Buchanan , Jingkai Yan , Ellie Haber , John Wright

Sharpness Aware Minimization (SAM) enhances performance across various neural architectures and datasets. As models are continually scaled up to improve performance, a rigorous understanding of SAM's scaling behaviour is paramount. To this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Moritz Haas , Jin Xu , Volkan Cevher , Leena Chennuru Vankadara

Recent literature generalization in deep learning has examined the relationship between the curvature of the loss function at minima and generalization, mainly in the context of overparameterized neural networks. A key observation is that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Neta Shoham , Liron Mor-Yosef , Haim Avron

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) was proposed to reduce sharpness of minima and has been shown to enhance generalization performance in various settings. In this work we show that perturbing only the affine normalization parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Maximilian Mueller , Tiffany Vlaar , David Rolnick , Matthias Hein

This paper develops a scale-insensitive framework for neural network significance testing, substantially generalizing existing approaches through three key innovations. First, we replace metric entropy calculations with Rademacher…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-07 Hasan Fallahgoul

Throughout the past five years, the susceptibility of neural networks to minimal adversarial perturbations has moved from a peculiar phenomenon to a core issue in Deep Learning. Despite much attention, however, progress towards more robust…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-13 Wieland Brendel , Jonas Rauber , Matthias Kümmerer , Ivan Ustyuzhaninov , Matthias Bethge

Neural networks (NNs) are now routinely implemented on systems that must operate in uncertain environments, but the tools for formally analyzing how this uncertainty propagates to NN outputs are not yet commonplace. Computing tight bounds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Michael Everett , Golnaz Habibi , Jonathan P. How