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Learning in strategy games (e.g. StarCraft, poker) requires the discovery of diverse policies. This is often achieved by iteratively training new policies against existing ones, growing a policy population that is robust to exploit. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Siqi Liu , Luke Marris , Daniel Hennes , Josh Merel , Nicolas Heess , Thore Graepel

We present a generative optimization approach for learning game-playing agents, where policies are represented as Python programs and refined using large language models (LLMs). Our method treats decision-making policies as self-evolving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhiyi Kuang , Ryan Rong , YuCheng Yuan , Allen Nie

The performance of search algorithms for grid-based pathfinding, e.g. A*, critically depends on the heuristic function that is used to focus the search. Recent studies have shown that informed heuristics that take the positions/shapes of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Aleksandr Ananikian , Daniil Drozdov , Konstantin Yakovlev

This paper introduces a novel method for learning how to play the most difficult Atari 2600 games from the Arcade Learning Environment using deep reinforcement learning. The proposed method, human checkpoint replay, consists in using…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Ionel-Alexandru Hosu , Traian Rebedea

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved significant breakthroughs in various tasks. However, most DRL algorithms suffer a problem of generalizing the learned policy which makes the learning performance largely affected even by minor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Zhengyao Jiang , Shan Luo

Efficient exploration remains a challenging research problem in reinforcement learning, especially when an environment contains large state spaces, deceptive local optima, or sparse rewards. To tackle this problem, we present a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Zhang-Wei Hong , Tzu-Yun Shann , Shih-Yang Su , Yi-Hsiang Chang , Chun-Yi Lee

Artificial intelligence (AI) has surpassed top human players in a variety of games. In imperfect information games, these achievements have primarily been driven by Counterfactual Regret Minimization (CFR) and its variants for computing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Qi Ju , Thomas Tellier , Meng Sun , Zhemei Fang , Yunfeng Luo

Solving robotic navigation tasks via reinforcement learning (RL) is challenging due to their sparse reward and long decision horizon nature. However, in many navigation tasks, high-level (HL) task representations, like a rough floor plan,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Jan Wöhlke , Felix Schmitt , Herke van Hoof

I propose Nonparametric Bayesian Policy Learning (NBPL) as a framework for uncertainty-aware treatment choice. I consider a decision-maker (DM) seeking to select an expected welfare-maximizing treatment rule using observable…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-19 Haonan Ye

This paper describes a new evolutionary algorithm that is especially well suited to AI-Assisted Game Design. The approach adopted in this paper is to use observations of AI agents playing the game to estimate the game's quality. Some of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Kamolwan Kunanusont , Raluca D. Gaina , Jialin Liu , Diego Perez-Liebana , Simon M. Lucas

To achieve acceptable performance for AI tasks, one can either use sophisticated feature extraction methods as the first layer in a two-layered supervised learning model, or learn the features directly using a deep (multi-layered) model.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-25 Gaurav Pandey , Ambedkar Dukkipati

We consider approximate dynamic programming in $\gamma$-discounted Markov decision processes and apply it to approximate planning with linear value-function approximation. Our first contribution is a new variant of Approximate Policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Gellért Weisz , András György , Tadashi Kozuno , Csaba Szepesvári

Reinforcement learning is concerned with identifying reward-maximizing behaviour policies in environments that are initially unknown. State-of-the-art reinforcement learning approaches, such as deep Q-networks, are model-free and learn to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Felix Leibfried , Nate Kushman , Katja Hofmann

Current approaches for learning for planning have yet to achieve competitive performance against classical planners in several domains, and have poor overall performance. In this work, we construct novel graph representations of lifted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Dillon Z. Chen , Felipe Trevizan , Sylvie Thiébaux

Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based motion planning has recently shown the potential to outperform traditional approaches from autonomous navigation to robot manipulation. In this work, we focus on a motion planning task for an evasive target…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Zixuan Wu , Sean Ye , Manisha Natarajan , Matthew C. Gombolay

Heuristic forward search is currently the dominant paradigm in classical planning. Forward search algorithms typically rely on a single, relatively simple variation of best-first search and remain fixed throughout the process of solving a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Pawel Gomoluch , Dalal Alrajeh , Alessandra Russo , Antonio Bucchiarone

Very recently proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithms have been proposed as first-order optimization methods for effective reinforcement learning. While PPO is inspired by the same learning theory that justifies trust region policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Gang Chen , Yiming Peng , Mengjie Zhang

Large Language Models have become integral to software development, yet they frequently generate vulnerable code. Existing code vulnerability detection benchmarks employ binary classification, lacking the CWE-level specificity required for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Muntasir Adnan , Carlos C. N. Kuhn

Deep reinforcement learning agents frequently suffer from premature convergence, where early entropy collapse causes the policy to discard exploratory behaviors before discovering globally optimal strategies. We introduce Optimistic Policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mai Pham , Vikrant Vaze , Peter Chin

Curriculum learning (CL) mimics human learning, in which easy samples are learned first, followed by harder samples, and has become an effective method for training deep networks. However, many existing automatic CL methods maintain a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Wensheng Li , Yichao Tian , Hao Wang , Ruifeng Zhou , Hanting Guan , Chao Zhang , Dacheng Tao