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We present two versions of a method for generating all triangulations of any punctured surface in each of these two families: (1) triangulations with inner vertices of degree at least 4 and boundary vertices of degree at least 3 and (2)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-16 Maria-Jose Chavez , Antonio Quintero , Maria-Trinidad Villar , Seiya Negami

In this survey on combinatorial properties of triangulated manifolds we discuss various lower bounds on the number of vertices of simplicial and combinatorial manifolds. Moreover, we give a list of all known examples of vertex-minimal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Frank H. Lutz

We introduce the notion of a rank-3 generalized Clifford manifold, defined by a triple of generalized complex structures satisfying Clifford-type relations. We show that every such structure canonically induces a generalized hypercomplex…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Guangzhen Ren , Kai Tang , Qingyan Wu

The problem of classifying, upto isometry (or similarity), the orientable spherical, Euclidean and hyperbolic 3-manifolds that arise by identifying the faces of a Platonic solid is formulated in the language of Coxeter groups. In the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Brent Everitt

For a closed orientable connected 3-manifold $M$, its complexity $\boldsymbol{T}(M)$ is defined to be the minimal number of tetrahedra in its triangulations. Under the assumption that $M$ is prime (but not necessarily atoroidal), we…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-12-08 Kei Nakamura

Let $ \mathcal{D} = \{D_{1}, ..., D_{\ell}\} $ be a multi-degree arrangement with normal crossings on the complex projective space $ \mathbf{P}^{n} $, with degrees $ d_{1}, ..., d_{\ell} $; let $ \Omega_{\mathbf{P}^{n}}^{1}(\log…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-08 Elena Angelini

We show that for fixed $d>3$ and $n$ growing to infinity there are at least $(n!)^{d-2 \pm o(1)}$ different labeled combinatorial types of $d$-polytopes with $n$ vertices. This is about the square of the previous best lower bounds. As an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Arnau Padrol , Eva Philippe , Francisco Santos

We classify all closed non-orientable $\mathbb{P}^2$-irreducible 3-manifolds obtained by identifying the faces of a cube. These turn out to be the closed non-orientable $\mathbb{P}^2$-irreducible 3-manifolds with surface-complexity one. We…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Gennaro Amendola

We prove the following results on flag triangulations of 2- and 3-manifolds. In dimension 2, we prove that the vertex-minimal flag triangulations of $\mathbb{R} P^2$ and $\mathbb{S}^1\times \mathbb{S}^1$ have 11 and 12 vertices,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Christin Bibby , Andrew Odesky , Mengmeng Wang , Shuyang Wang , Ziyi Zhang , Hailun Zheng

Answering a question posed by Joseph Malkevitch, we prove that there exists a polyhedral graph, with triangular faces, such that every realization of it as the graph of a convex polyhedron includes at least one face that is a scalene…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-07-02 David Eppstein

We give a simple combinatoric proof of an exponential upper bound on the number of distinct 3-manifolds that can be constructed by successively identifying nearest neighbour pairs of triangles in the boundary of a simplicial 3-ball and show…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Bergfinnur Durhuus , Thordur Jonsson

Inspired by Coxeter's notion of Petrie polygon for $d$-polytopes (see \cite{Cox73}), we consider a generalization of the notion of zigzag circuits on complexes and compute the zigzag structure for several interesting families of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michel Deza , Mathieu Dutour

Meier and Zupan showed that every surface in the four-sphere admits a bridge trisection and can therefore be represented by three simple tangles. This raises the possibility of applying methods from link homology to knotted surfaces. We use…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-09-20 Adam Saltz

The first author introduced a notion of equivalence on a family of $3$-manifolds with boundary, called (simple) balanced $3$-manifolds in an earlier paper and discussed the analogy between the Andrews-Curtis equivalence for group…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-12-25 Neda Bagherifard , Eaman Eftekhary

Following Matveev, a k-normal surface in a triangulated 3-manifold is a generalization of both normal and (octagonal) almost normal surfaces. Using spines, complexity, and Turaev-Viro invariants of 3-manifolds, we prove the following…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2011-05-13 Evgeny Fominykh , Bruno Martelli

Motivated by the algorithmic study of 3-dimensional manifolds, we explore the structural relationship between the JSJ decomposition of a given 3-manifold and its triangulations. Building on work of Bachman, Derby-Talbot and Sedgwick, we…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Kristóf Huszár , Jonathan Spreer

A $d$-angulation is a planar map with faces of degree $d$. We present for each integer $d\geq 3$ a bijection between the class of $d$-angulations of girth $d$ (i.e., with no cycle of length less than $d$) and a class of decorated plane…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-13 Olivier Bernardi , Eric Fusy

Matveev and Piergallini independently showed that, with a small number of known exceptions, any triangulation of a three-manifold can be transformed into any other triangulation of the same three-manifold with the same number of vertices,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-09-21 Henry Segerman

We prove that if $G$ is the graph of a connected triangulated $(d-1)$-manifold, for $d\geq 3$, then $G$ is generically globally rigid in $\mathbb R^d$ if and only if it is $(d+1)$-connected and, if $d=3$, $G$ is not planar. The special case…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-26 James Cruickshank , Bill Jackson , Shin-ichi Tanigawa

It is known that the $(2k-1)$-sphere has at most $2^{O(n^k \log n)}$ combinatorially distinct triangulations with $n$ vertices, for every $k\ge 2$. Here we construct at least $2^{\Omega(n^k)}$ such triangulations, improving on the previous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-10 Eran Nevo , Francisco Santos , Stedman Wilson