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In scenarios where training data is limited due to observation costs or data scarcity, enriching the label information associated with each instance becomes crucial for building high-accuracy classification models. In such contexts, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Kosuke Sugiyama , Masato Uchida

What sorts of structure might enable a learner to discover classes from unlabeled data? Traditional approaches rely on feature-space similarity and heroic assumptions on the data. In this paper, we introduce unsupervised learning under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Manley Roberts , Pranav Mani , Saurabh Garg , Zachary C. Lipton

In partial multi-label learning (PML), each data example is equipped with a candidate label set, which consists of multiple ground-truth labels and other false-positive labels. Recently, graph-based methods, which demonstrate a good ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Haobo Wang , Shisong Yang , Gengyu Lyu , Weiwei Liu , Tianlei Hu , Ke Chen , Songhe Feng , Gang Chen

We explore the relationship among model fidelity, experimental design, and parameter estimation in sloppy models. We show that the approximate nature of mathematical models poses challenges for experimental design in sloppy models. In many…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-08 Andrew White , Malachi Tolman , Howard D. Thames , Hubert Rodney Withers , Kathy A. Mason , Mark K. Transtrum

We investigate model based classification with partially labelled training data. In many biostatistical applications, labels are manually assigned by experts, who may leave some observations unlabelled due to class uncertainty. We analyse…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-08 Daniel Ahfock , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

In multi-label classification, each example in a dataset may be annotated as belonging to one or more classes (or none of the classes). Example applications include image (or document) tagging where each possible tag either applies to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Aditya Thyagarajan , Elías Snorrason , Curtis Northcutt , Jonas Mueller

The cost of manual data labeling can be a significant obstacle in supervised learning. Data programming (DP) offers a weakly supervised solution for training dataset creation, wherein the outputs of user-defined programmatic labeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jacqueline R. M. A. Maasch , Hao Zhang , Qian Yang , Fei Wang , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Aggregating multiple sources of weak supervision (WS) can ease the data-labeling bottleneck prevalent in many machine learning applications, by replacing the tedious manual collection of ground truth labels. Current state of the art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Salva Rühling Cachay , Benedikt Boecking , Artur Dubrawski

Multi-label classification is the task of assigning a subset of labels to a given query instance. For evaluating such predictions, the set of predicted labels needs to be compared to the ground-truth label set associated with that instance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Eyke Hüllermeier , Marcel Wever , Eneldo Loza Mencia , Johannes Fürnkranz , Michael Rapp

Large labeled training sets are the critical building blocks of supervised learning methods and are key enablers of deep learning techniques. For some applications, creating labeled training sets is the most time-consuming and expensive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-10 Alexander Ratner , Christopher De Sa , Sen Wu , Daniel Selsam , Christopher Ré

In many applications, training machine learning models involves using large amounts of human-annotated data. Obtaining precise labels for the data is expensive. Instead, training with weak supervision provides a low-cost alternative. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Chidubem Arachie , Bert Huang

Representation learning that leverages large-scale labelled datasets, is central to recent progress in machine learning. Access to task relevant labels at scale is often scarce or expensive, motivating the need to learn from unlabelled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Arna Ghosh , Arnab Kumar Mondal , Kumar Krishna Agrawal , Blake Richards

Domain adaptation is an important technique to alleviate performance degradation caused by domain shift, e.g., when training and test data come from different domains. Most existing deep adaptation methods focus on reducing domain shift by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Jun Wen , Nenggan Zheng , Junsong Yuan , Zhefeng Gong , Changyou Chen

Adversarial attacks on machine learning-based classifiers, along with defense mechanisms, have been widely studied in the context of single-label classification problems. In this paper, we shift the attention to multi-label classification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Stefano Melacci , Gabriele Ciravegna , Angelo Sotgiu , Ambra Demontis , Battista Biggio , Marco Gori , Fabio Roli

When trained on diverse labeled data, machine learning models have proven themselves to be a powerful tool in all facets of society. However, due to budget limitations, deliberate or non-deliberate censorship, and other problems during data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-25 Thomas Kehrenberg , Myles Bartlett , Viktoriia Sharmanska , Novi Quadrianto

Performance of a pre-trained semantic segmentation model is likely to substantially decrease on data from a new domain. We show a pre-trained model can be adapted to unlabelled target domain data by calculating soft-label prototypes under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Ondrej Bohdal , Da Li , Timothy Hospedales

Classical machine learning assumes that the training and test sets come from the same distributions. Therefore, a model learned from the labeled training data is expected to perform well on the test data. However, This assumption may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Abolfazl Farahani , Sahar Voghoei , Khaled Rasheed , Hamid R. Arabnia

Multi-label text classification is a popular machine learning task where each document is assigned with multiple relevant labels. This task is challenging due to high dimensional features and correlated labels. Multi-label text classifiers…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-03 Bingyu Wang , Cheng Li , Virgil Pavlu , Javed Aslam

In this paper, we study the problem of learning from weakly labeled data, where labels of the training examples are incomplete. This includes, for example, (i) semi-supervised learning where labels are partially known; (ii) multi-instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Yu-Feng Li , Ivor W. Tsang , James T. Kwok , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Extreme multi-label classification (XML) involves tagging a data point with its most relevant subset of labels from an extremely large label set, with several applications such as product-to-product recommendation with millions of products.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Anshul Mittal , Kunal Dahiya , Sheshansh Agrawal , Deepak Saini , Sumeet Agarwal , Purushottam Kar , Manik Varma