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Vital nodes identification is an essential problem in network science. Various methods have been proposed to solve this problem. In particular, based on the gravity model, a series of improved gravity models are proposed to find vital nodes…
The new information-theoretic Process Physics provides an explanation of space as a quantum foam system in which gravity is an inhomogeneous flow of the quantum foam into matter. The older Newtonian and General Relativity theories for…
Recent progress in the understanding of gravity on noncommutative spaces is discussed. A gravity theory naturally emerges from matrix models of noncommutative gauge theory. The effective metric depends on the dynamical Poisson structure,…
Proximity networks are time-varying graphs representing the closeness among humans moving in a physical space. Their properties have been extensively studied in the past decade as they critically affect the behavior of spreading phenomena…
We develop a data-driven framework for discovering constitutive relations in models of fluid flow and scalar transport. Under the assumption that velocity and/or scalar fields are measured, our approach infers unknown closure terms in the…
International trade has been increasingly organized in the form of global value chains (GVCs) where different stages of production are located in different countries. This recent phenomenon has substantial consequences for both trade policy…
The topological structure of complex networks has fascinated researchers for several decades, resulting in the discovery of many universal properties and reoccurring characteristics of different kinds of networks. However, much less is…
The topological structure of complex networks has fascinated researchers for several decades, resulting in the discovery of many universal properties and reoccurring characteristics of different kinds of networks. However, much less is…
Predicting commuting flows based on infrastructure and land-use information is critical for urban planning and public policy development. However, it is a challenging task given the complex patterns of commuting flows. Conventional models,…
If the presence of a gravitational field breaks the Lorentz symmetry valid for special relativity, an "absolute motion" might be detectable. We summarize a scalar theory of gravity with a such "ether", which starts from a tentative…
A powerful framework for studying graphs is to consider them as geometric graphs: nodes are randomly sampled from an underlying metric space, and any pair of nodes is connected if their distance is less than a specified neighborhood radius.…
The theory starts from a tentative interpretation of gravity as Archimedes' thrust exerted on matter at the scale of elementary particles by an imagined perfect fluid ("ether"): the gravity acceleration is expressed by a formula in which…
Understanding the dynamic processes of the glassy system continues to be challenging. Recent advances have shown the power of graph neural networks (GNNs) for determining the correlation between structure and dynamics in the glassy system.…
Newton's Second Law defines inertial mass as the ratio of the applied force on an object to the responding acceleration of the object (viz., F=ma). Objects that exhibit finite accelerations under finite forces are described as being…
It was conjectured thirty years ago that gravity could arise from the entropic re-arrangement of information. In this paper, we offer a set of microscopic quantum models which realize this idea in detail. In particular, we suggest a simple…
Economic engineering is a new field wherein economic systems are modelled in the same manner as traditional mechanical and electrical engineering systems. In this paper, we use Newton's theory of motion as the basis for the theory of…
The explosion of data available in life sciences is fueling an increasing demand for expressive models and computational methods. Graph transformation is a model for dynamic systems with a large variety of applications. We introduce a novel…
The area of population dynamics has a rich history of the development and analysis of models of biological and social phenomena using ordinary differential equations. This paper describes a method for understanding the influence one…
Pressure and flow estimation in Water Distribution Networks (WDN) allows water management companies to optimize their control operations. For many years, mathematical simulation tools have been the most common approach to reconstructing an…
Tie strength prediction, sometimes named weight prediction, is vital in exploring the diversity of connectivity pattern emerged in networks. Due to the fundamental significance, it has drawn much attention in the field of network analysis…